unit 1: building blocks of life Flashcards
You are looking over a restaurant menu and you see there is a
seafood section. You hate seafood because one time you got sick
after having shrimp and conclude that you won’t like anything
under that section, so you skip over it and decide to order steak.
What type of reasoning did you use?
Inductive reasoning
Which one of the following is not part of the properties of life?
The ability to create one’s own food within the body rather than
depending on external sources for nutrition.
Sandra’s father was creating a lab demonstration using oil and
water. When the two were mixed, it appeared that the two
substances would separate from one another, leaving bubbles of
oil. What is the reason for this occurrence?
Water is a polar molecule, while oil is a lipid, meaning lipids are insoluble
in water.
In an element in the periodic table, there is an atomic number and
a mass number. Which number contains only the number of protons
and which number contains both the number of protons and
neutrons?
The mass number is the sum of both protons and neutrons while the atomic
number is the number of protons.
After a long day of school, you decide to make yourself something
to eat. After enjoying your salty (Na+,Cl-) noodles and sugary
energy drink (sucrose - large molecule). Which will have an easier
time passing through your cell membranes? Why?
Sucrose beverage, because it contains large, uncharged polar molecules.
Which factors decrease membrane permeability/fluidity?
An increase in cholesterol.
Why are phospholipids amphipathic?
They have a strongly polar head that is hydrophilic and a non-polar tail
that is hydrophobic.
A cell with a concentration of 300 mM is placed in a solution with a
concentration of 120 mM. Because this is a/an __________ solution,
water will move __________ the cell and the cell will ___________.
Hypotonic solution; into; swell
During lab, a student uses a beaker with a semipermeable
membrane down the middle to test osmosis. The student pours a
higher concentration solution on the right, and a lower
concentration solution on the left. Assuming the student poured
equal volumes of both solutions, in which direction is the significant
movement of water going to be?
Left to Right
Progesterone, a hormone, typically has high levels towards the end
of the menstrual cycle, in the luteal phase. Given that it is
hydrophobic and nonpolar, what type of receptor would it bind to?
Intracellular/nuclear receptor
For the production of free energy in the cell to do work, cells
typically use ATP. Which of the following reactions typically
produces the free energy?
ATP->ADP+Pi
Which statement about membrane transport and concentration
gradients is correct?
Passive transport does not require energy because substances move
down their concentration gradient.
What mechanism underlies the coupling of active transport to
passive transport, like the Na+/glucose cotransporter does?
The energy released from the passive transport of a substance down its
gradient drives the movement of another substance up its gradient
The Na+/K+ pump takes ___ Na+ ions and a molecule of ATP to
change the shape of this important channel. Once the Na+ ions are
released into the outer membrane, the new shape accepts ___K+
ions. These K+ ions are passed to the inside of
3,2
How do enzymes increase the speed of reactions?
Lowering the activation energy of a reaction
