Unit 1: Bio-Chemistry Flashcards
Polarity
Refers to unequal charge distribution in a molecule such as water, which has a positive region although it is neutral overall.
Acid
is defined as any substance that increases the concentration of H+ in a solution, or any Proton Donor
Base
is defined as any substance that removes H+ from a solution, or any
proton acceptor
Volume
in L or mL
Concentration
in mol/L
Mass
in grams
Molar Mass
in g/mol
Moles
mol
Molecular Formula
Carbon and then Hydrogen and all other molecules in alphabetical in which they appear in the periodic table.
Skeletal Formula
Taking out the Carbon and Hydrogen’s because every organic material has the two molecules to make it look neater.
Biomolecules
C,H,N,O,P,S
Monomers
simple unit molecules form which larger molecules are build
Condensation Synthesis
The H is removed from one monomer and combined with OH from the other monomer to form a molecule of water.
Polymers
Chains exceeding 3 units
Oligomers
Chains of 3 to 20 monomers
Hydrolysis
When a molecule of water is split and the H and OH are used to replace the bond between monomers.
Triaglycerides
Fats and Oils
Carbohydates
Group of molecules that are loosely defined as containing the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Monosaccharides
Small water soluble and rich in chemical energy which make them well suited as vehicles for storing moving potential energy.
Disaccharides
Consist of two monosaccharides bonded together. They store twice as much energy per molecule and produce less osmotic potential in a cell.
Polysaccharides
Insoluble molecule which cannot diffuse or interfere with reactions. They string glucose into long helical chains.
Lipids
Non-polar molecules and are fat soluble. Strong insulators against both heat and electricity. Very rich in C-H bonds.
Hydrophobic
Waterproofing (from lipids and structure of cell membranes)
Triglycerides
Fat and oils.
