Unit 1 basics of MV

Question 1

Mechanical Ventilation

Answer 1

-Definition- Artificial respiration using a mechanical ventilator to support the delivery of oxygen to the lungs when breathing has ceased, is failing, or is inadequate.

-Does not cure, but sustains life until the underlying condition is resolved

Question 2

Internal Function

Answer 2

-User interface

	-This is where the modes and parameters are entered into the vent

	-Operator sets certain dials or a touch panel

-Control system

	-Interprets the operations setting and produces and regulates the desired output

Question 3

Major components of a Ventilator

Answer 3

-Power Sources or input power

	-Electrically powered vent

	-Pneumatically powered vent

-Control systems and circuits

	-Open and closed loop system to control ventilator function

	-Control panel (user Interface)

	-Pneumatic circuit (internal or external)

-Output (pressure, volume, and flow waveforms)

Question 4

Major components of a vent Touch creen

Answer 4

-Touch screen

-Shows patient info

-Shows vent parameters

Question 5

Pneumatic Circuit

Internal and External

Answer 5

-Pneumatic circuit

-A series of tubes that allow gas to flow inside the vent and between the vent and the patient

	-Internal

		-Single circuit(Most ICU vents today)

		-Double circuit

	-External

		-The patient circuit

		-Connects the vent to the patients artificial airways

Question 6

Ventilator Circuit

Answer 6

-Most commercially available intensive care unit vents are single circuit, microprocessor-controlled, positive pressure vents with closed loop elements of logic in the control system

Question 7

Ventilator Circuit

Lines and Valves

Answer 7

-Main inspiratory line: Connects the vent output to the pts airway adapter or connector

-Adapter: Connects the main inspiratory line to the pts airway (also called a pt adapter or Y connector because of its shape)

-Expiratory line: Devlivers expired gas from the pts to the exhalation valve

-Expiratory valve: Allows the release of exhaled gas from the expiratory line into the room air

Question 8

Ventilator Circuit

Components

Answer 8

-A device to warm and humidify inspired air (e.g.) heat-moisture exchanger, heated humidifier)

-A thermometer or sensing device to measure the temp of inspired air

-An apnea of low pressure alarm that indicates leaks or that the pt is not ventilating adequately

-A nebulizer line to power a micro neb for delivery of aerosolized meds

-A volume measuring device to determine the pts exhaled volume

-Bacterial filters to filter gas administered to the pt and exhaled by the pt

-A pressure gauge to measure pressure in the upper airway

-In line suction catheter

Question 9

HME

Answer 9

-HME must be placed appropriately between the pt and the Y

-Short term mechanical ventilation

-Used for transport

-When giving aerosolized neb treatment, HME must be removed

	-Neb must be placed on the inspiratory side of the circuit

-Inline (closed) Suction catheter