Methods to Improve Oxygenation Review

Question 1

Define PEEP

Answer 1

-PEEP ( Positive end Expiratory Pressure) The establishment and maintenance of a preset airway pressure greater than ambient at end exhalation

Question 2

Define CPAP

Answer 2

-CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) The application of PEEP therapy to the spontaneously breathing pt. Both inspiratory and expiratory airway pressure are supra atmospheric.

Question 3

What Effects does PEEP have on Intrapleural pressure?

Answer 3

-PEEP increases Intrapleural Pressure

-The extent of the increase is determined by:

	-The amount of PEEP that is being applied

	-The stiffness of the individuals lungs

Question 4

What Effects does PEEP have on FRC?

Answer 4

-PEEP therapy causes an increase in FRC regardless of the condition of the lung at the time of application

Question 6

FRC is increased by

Answer 6

-Increasing the transpulmonary pressure gradient. This occurs in all individuals.

-Recruiting collapsed alveoli

Question 7

What Effects does PEEP have on Cardiac output and venous return?

Answer 7

-Since PEEP therapy increases intrapleural pressure, it can decrease venous retainer and thus decrease cardiac output

-The greater the increase in intrapleural pressure, the greater the potential detrimental effect on cardiac output

Question 8

Increased Intrapleural pressure that does not significantly alter blood flow will result in hemodynamic reading of?

Answer 8

-As PEEP therapy increases intrapleural pressure, it abates the thoracic pump mechanism. As a result, the pressure gradient distending intrathoracic blood vessels decrease, thereby increasing resistance to blood flow.