Unit 1 - Basic Anatomy

Question 1

Describe a learning outcome.

Answer 1

Learning outcomes are statements that describe the knowledge or skills students should acquire by the end of a particular assignment

Question 2

Explain how to use your textbook most effectively to

enhance your learning

Answer 2

Through text - and art intergration

Question 3

Define anatomy

Answer 3

It’s the study of internal and external body structures and their physical relationship to the other body structures.

Question 4

Define physiology.

Answer 4

It’s the study of how living organisms preform their vital funtions.

Question 5

Describe how anatomy and physiology are closely

related.

Answer 5

Anatomy gives clues on the function of body structures and physiology processes can only be described by underlining anatomy.

Question 6

What is the difference between gross anatomy and

microscopic anatomy?

Answer 6

Microscopic anatomy requires a microscope to study and gross anatomy doesn’t.

Question 7

Identify several specialties of physiology.

Answer 7

Cell physiology
Organ physiology
Systemic physiology
Pathology physiology

Question 8

Why is it difficult to separate anatomy from physiology?

Answer 8

It’s difficult so seperate the two because anatomy covers the structure while physiology explains how the structure works.

Question 9

Identify the major levels of organization of the human

body from the simplest to the most complex.

Answer 9

Atoms
Molecules
Cells
Tissue
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms

Question 10

Identify the organ systems of the body and cite some

major structures of each.

Answer 10

CRDENEC

Circulatory
*The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body

Respiratory
*allows air to enter the lungs and for oxygen to diffuse into the blood en enroute to the body’s tissues.

Digestive
* is responsible for bringing food into the body and breaking it down to useable components.

Excretory
*is where liquid waste is eliminated as urine.

Nervous
*which serve as the main control centers for the body and process all incoming and outgoing messages.

Endocrine
*relies upon chemicals, called hormones, to send long distance messages through the body.

Cardio
*The heart pumps the blood throughout the body and maintains blood pressure.

Question 11

At which level of organization does a histologist

investigate structures?

Answer 11

Tissue level

Question 12

Describe medical terminology.

Answer 12

Simply put, it is the vocabulary that medical professionals use to describe the body, what it does, and the treatments they prescribe.

Question 13

Define eponym

Answer 13

a name or noun formed after a person

Question 14

Name the book that serves as the international standard

for anatomical terms.

Answer 14

Terminologia

Anatomica

Question 15

What is the purpose of anatomical terms?

Answer 15

to describe specific areas and movements of the body as well as the relation of body parts to each other

Question 16

For a body in the anatomical position, describe an

anterior view and a posterior view

Answer 16

Anatomical (ventral)would be from the front

Posterior (dorsal)would be from the back

Question 17

Name two essential functions of the body cavities of the

trunk.

Answer 17

protect internal organs

and cushion them from thumps and bumps that occur while walking / running, or jumping.

Question 18

Describe the various body cavities of the trunk.

Answer 18

The two largest human body cavities are the ventral cavity and dorsal cavity. The ventral cavity is at the anterior of the trunk. It is subdivided into the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.
The dorsal cavity is at the posterior of the body, and includes the head and the back of the trunk.

Question 19

Why is homeostatic regulation important to an

organism?

Answer 19

It maintains stable internal and external environments with the best conditions for it to operate.

Question 20

Explain the function of negative feedback systems.

Answer 20

It responds when conditions change from the ideal or set point and returns conditions to this set point

Question 21

What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks down?

Answer 21

organ systems function less efficiently or even malfunction.

Question 22

Why is positive feedback helpful in blood clotting but

unsuitable for the regulation of body temperature?

Answer 22

Positive feedback in the regulation of body temperature, for example, would cause a slight fever to spiral out of control

Question 23

Define equilibrium.

Answer 23

a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced