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Politics U1/2 > Unit 1 AOS 2: Political Actors and Power > Flashcards

Unit 1 AOS 2: Political Actors and Power Flashcards

1
Q

Political Parties

A

Organised groups who had similar views and ideas on a range of public policy issues and who seek to be elected to Parliament

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2
Q

Interest groups (Advocacy groups)

A

Group of like-minded people who work to implement government policy and decision-making, either for the benefit of those they represent or Society more broadly but do not seek election themselves

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3
Q

Traditional media

A

Commonly or older accepted means of communication and expression, such as print newspapers, radio and television news

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4
Q

Social media

A

Web-based communication tools that enable people to interact, with bone and communicate by sharing and consuming information. to actual reporting in the interpretation of the news

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5
Q

New media

A

A broad and involving term including digital and web-based one is sharing information such as Blog, online new sites, which are easily accessible on demand via personal devices

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6
Q

Coalition

A

a agreed cooperation between separate parties to campaign liberals to form a government together. Eg the liberal nationals

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7
Q

Scrutinising votes

A

the process of checking roads after an election has been conducted by the AEC. conducted by volunteers of political parties

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8
Q

Pluralism

A

has multiple political parties. The theory that power and decision-making in society must be shared between government and non-government groups

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9
Q

Political actors

A

attorney form to those who hold formal political power back and nose apply to anyone who exercises or sees political power

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10
Q

Stakeholders

A

a person with an interest in politics in something stakeholders a can of power in policy

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11
Q

Preference deal

A

are you swap between two parties that make it each other the recommended second preference on that how to act cars

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12
Q

Preferential voting

A

reading method by which road is number from the most preferred candidate on the ballot paper. Can Ipswich at least amount of those is excluded and their votes go to others

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13
Q

Party discipline

A

over have the lure making process. Members of a political party must vote in the direction as agreed on by their party

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14
Q

conscience Vote

A

people vote according to their individual preferences from within their party.

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15
Q

The Australian Liberal Party?

A 
Leader: Peter Dutton
Deputy Leader: 
Centre right political  party 
Founded in 1944
Ideology: Liberal Conservative
Has been was power since 2013 to 2022
"Rebuilding your economy. Securing your future"
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16
Q

History of the Liberal Party

A
  • Formed out of the anti-labour groups in early federation
  • Known as the United Aus party
  • became popular during the 1930s (great depression and focused on economic reforms)
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17
Q

Key Values of the Liberal Party

A
  • Rebuilding the economy
  • Supporting small business
  • Lower taxes
  • cost of living
  • infrastructure
  • support for families
    Better health care
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18
Q

What is the role of major parties?

A
  • contest elections
  • having a realistic chance of winning a election
  • or to oppose
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19
Q

The Australian Labour Party (ALP)

A
  • Centre left
  • opposition from 2013-2022
  • founded in 1901’
  • Leader: Anthony Albanese
  • Deputy Leader: Richard Marles
  • Ideology: Democratic Socialism
  • “Promote equality, to involve the people of Australia in the decision-making processes of our land, and to liberate the talents and uplift the horizons of the Australian people.” - Whitlam
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20
Q

History of the ALP

A
  • origins of Labour found in 1890
  • first contested election in the NSW in 1891
  • Irish Catholic were fans of labour in its early days
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21
Q

Values of the ALP

A
  • safeguarding our future
  • cheaper childcare
  • social housing repair program
  • secure jobs in the future
  • Women to kickstart economic recovery
  • Anti-corruption commission
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22
Q

what is a minor party?

A
  • Political party that plays a smaller role than major parties
  • Smaller membership numbers
  • No realistic chance of holding office
  • Some play almost no role in Australian politics
  • Minor parties in Australia have historically held more power than in other
    countries because of our voting process
23
Q

The Nationals

A
  • Traditionally represents regional voters. Eg, farmers, etc
  • Leader: Barnaby Joyce
  • Deputy: David Littleproud
  • Ideology: Centre right, Conservative
  • Has official coalition with the Liberal Party
  • Slogan: For regional Australians
24
Q

The Nationals Key Values

A
  • relief for household pressure
  • Secure local jobs and better wages
  • Quality local healthcare and education choices
  • Local roads, transport and infrastructure works
  • Safer regional communities
  • Protecting our local way of life for future generations
25
Q

The Australian Greens

A
  • Slogan: A future for all of us
  • Third largest political party by votes
  • Leader: Adam Bandt
  • Deputy: Larissa Waters & Nick McKim
  • Formed 1992
  • Represents the environmental issues
  • Ideology: ‘Green politics’
26
Q

Key Values of the Greens

A
  • ecological sustainability
  • grassroots participatory democracy
  • social justice
  • peace and non violence
27
Q

What are trade unions?

A

A union is an organisation of workers who come together to achieve common goals, such as protecting the integrity of their trade/occupation and improving safety standards. In contemporary Australia, union numbers are decreasing, according to the Bureau of Australian Industry, Trade Unionism (BATU).

28
Q

What is the trade unions role in contemporary Australia?

A
  • Employment law
  • Resolve workplace issues
  • Being advocates for employees
  • Looking into suspected breaches of workplace laws
29
Q

What is contesting elections?

A

Parties obtain power through forming government in federal parliament (in HOR)
They can form government by winning enough seats, or through winning

30
Q

How often are elections held?

A
  • Federal: every 3 years
  • State: every 3-4 years
  • Local: varies between states, but generally 3-4 years
31
Q

What are campaigns?

A

A confident PM will announce a quick election campaign, which gives the opposition less time to build their case and gain support for their policies. Normally around: 4-5 weeks

32
Q

What is the Process and importance of campaigns?

A

Leaders of political parties head to marginalised electorates - those that they don’t have control of, or are on the cusp of controlling - to lay out their party’s policies and win support for them ahead of elections in May’s mid-term elections.

33
Q

the Campaigns - use of media

A
  • Media now plays large role in campaigning
  • Allows candidates to reach a wider audience
  • Attack ads paint negative view of opposition
34
Q

Who forms government?

A

Party who wins the election is offered to form the government of the day.

35
Q

What does the party in power do?

A

Party who forms government cannot decide whether policy becomes law. They can, however, decide which bills are introduced into the House of Representatives (HOR) This allows them to exercise some power in deciding which policy is introduced. Party discipline also helps the law-making process: members must vote in the direction agreed by their party.

36
Q

What does the opposition do?

A

Party who wins second largest amount of votes is referred to as the opposition, and its MPs scrutinise and hold the government accountable.

37
Q

What is citizen participation.

A
  1. Through elections (Voting for political parties in elections,
    Helping parties on election day with aiding others in the voting process)
  2. Contacting Ministers (Write about issues or policies which they believe in
    ,Through social media)
  3. Contacting Ministers (Easier to be done since the increase of the internet
    Only 2% of Australians are members of political parties, Attend meetings, Participate in election campaigns, Become more knowledgeable about the political process)
38
Q

The long term factors of the decline of major parties?

A

Creation of smaller, micro parties, which have more targeted and clear views, values and key audiences.

39
Q

The short term factors of the decline of major parties?

A

Larger population, larger body of people to have to try and please with your policies
Influence of social media
Getting the ‘unknowns’ out there
Increase in the amount of candidates in elections = more choice?
1400 in 2004/2007
1700 in 2019
Decrease in parental influence

40
Q

Other factors of the decline of major parties.

A

Public perception of political leaders and Change of public values and morals

41
Q

What is the influence of social media on voters?

A

People are better able to access micro parties and smaller candidates who may appeal to their specific views and values, and can engage in political news and issues. Political actors/parties/organisations/interest groups can use social media to raise awareness of/advertise their beliefs and inform citizens of elections.

42
Q

What is a interest group?

A

Group of like-minded people who work to influence government policy and decision-making, either for the benefit of those they represent or society more broadly, but do not seek election themselves.

43
Q

What are a interest group?

A

can Vary in size, scope and focus. They are More popular, and open, in democratic and liberal areas, they Don’t have to be political in nature
Examples: suburban fb groups, school groups
Can be local, national or international - will depend on focus

44
Q

What are the roles and purpose of interest groups?

A
  1. Advancing ideas and policies
  2. Providing expert information and education about specific issues
  3. Seeking to influence government decisions
  4. International networks and influences
  5. Engaging with the public to build support and memberships
  6. Providing opportunity for citizen participation
45
Q

what are the similarities between the political parties and interest groups?

A

Serve a political function. they Give voice to groups of people. Seek influence. Wants to make and amend laws. Use media to accomplish their aims

46
Q

what are the differences between the political parties and interest groups?

A

Political parties contest elections
Political parties are wider in their audience reach
Interest groups are more targeted
Interest groups are more educated in their key values and areas of interest
Interest groups can be international

47
Q

What is Amnesty International?

A

They are a Interest group that help to Attracts attention and raises money to promote the cause of human rights violations in the world. They help to Brings attention to violations and abuses internationally as well as influences government policy through any channels

48
Q

Amnesty international in Australia.

A
  • Amnesty International Australia is the Aus section of the network
  • Formed 1962
  • Expenses in 2018 was $27m
  • Australia focus:
    • Incarceration of indigenous youth & deaths in custody
    • Ending offshore detention for refugees and asylum seekers
    • Initiating a Human Right Act in Australia
  • Current partnerships: The Body Shop, Charity Greeting Cards, Holmesglen’s Community Service
  • Australia does not have as many human rights violations as other countries who do not honour democratic principles
49
Q

Who is Greenpeace?

A
  • NGO (non-government organisation) who promote and campaign for environmental issues such as climate change, deforestation, overfishing, commercial whaling
  • Founded in 1971
  • Goal is to “ensure the ability of the earth to nurture life in all its diversity”
  • Doesn’t accept money from governments or corporations
  • Relies on members and grants
50
Q

Greenpeace in Australia

A
  • Greenpeace Australia Pacific (GPAP)
  • Founded 1977
  • Uses ‘non-violent direct action’ to draw attention to issues
  • Current campaigns
    • Great Australian Bight
    • Stop Adani
    • Renewable energy & businesses
    • Preventing extreme weather eg. bushfires
    • Save the Great Barrier Reef
51
Q

What is the role and purpose of the media?

A

In a democracy, the role of the media is to represent the eyes and ears of the public - they sit between the government and the public. They need to be able to report on whether the government is upholding their end of the social contract for the good of the country. Their job is to report and interpret politics

52
Q

What is the difference between reporting and interpreting?

A

The word ‘report’ can mean two things - one a report and the other an interpretation - a report means that the media has included their opinion or ‘lean’ on the reporting of the issue or event. Media wants to be objective because this adds to their credibility and is why they are called the ‘fourth estate’ - referring to the separation of powers and the need for a free press.

53
Q

What are the benefits of the 24-hour news cycle?

A
  • Enriches political debate through broadening access
  • Increased awareness of policy decisions
  • Strengthens accountability of politicians
  • More feedback from the public
  • Broadcasts voices of previously disempowered minority factors (eg. ethnic,
    disabled, sexuality, age or socio-economic)
54
Q

What are the disadvantages of the 24-hour news cycle?

A
  • Is seen by some groups as a distraction from ‘real’ news

- Can be a contest for attention, rather than a focus on the needs of the citizens

Politics U1/2 (4 decks)

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