Unit 1 and 2 test Flashcards
Which of the following best describes the structural relationship between genes, chromosomes, and DNA?
Each chromosome consists of a single long DNA molecule, and each gene on the chromosome is a particular segment of that DNA
Can mutations from environmental factors be passed along to your offspring? Explain.
No, mutations from the environment do not get passed off to your offspring, your genetics are only passed through sex cells.
Which of the following provides evidence for the idea that certain environmental factors can alter DNA and cause mutations?
Skin cancer is more likely to develop in individuals who experience excessive exposure to sunlight.
A mutation that occurs in an organism that reproduces sexually will most likely affect the offspring if the mutation
alters DNA in a gamete of the parent
Mitosis and Meiosis are both types of cell division. How are they different from each other?
Mitosis - makes two identical daughter cells, diploid → diploid
Meiosis - makes four different haploid cells, diploid → haploid
What is the purpose of Mitosis?
to create two new perfectly identical cells when either there is a need to replace old or damaged cells and to reproduce asexually by making new cells.
What would happen if gametes didn’t undergo Meiosis?
the number of chromosomes would increase for every person in every generation
Which passage enables the passage of half of a parent’s DNA to offspring
Meiosis
Meiosis contributes to the process of reproduction by producing what type of cell
Haploid
Select all the phrases that apply to asexual reproduction in organisms
- little variation in offspring
- only one type of cell involved
- duplicates genetic material
Which process that occurs during meiosis contributes to a germ cell having unique genetic material
Crossing over
