Unit 1: An introduction

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

Homeostasis maintains constant internal (inside the body, organs, cells) environment (equilibrium) in response to stress. It is the ability to adjust cellular and physiological processes.

Question 2

What are stressors?

Answer 2

• environment
• physical (injury, sickness, etc)
• emotional

Question 3

What are examples of stressors?

Answer 3

Concentration ions, temperature, concentration of water, pH, plasma volume, etc.

Question 4

What is the relationship between performance and stress level?

Answer 4

The greater the stress level, the greater the performance, until there is too much stress and performance begins to decrease.

Question 5

What are the steps to homeostasis?

Answer 5

1. Stimulus causes change/stress
2. The change is detected (sensor)
3. Response initiated (control) — by the brain, nervous system, hormones, etc
4. Cells respond (effector)
5. Return to “normal”, set point

Question 6

What works to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 6

The nervous system (brain, spinal cord, etc) and the endocrine system (organs of cells that release hormones)

Question 7

What is the hierarchy of organization?

Answer 7

Body
System - composed of more than one type of organ.
Organs - composed of more than one type of tissue.
Tissue - composed of more than one type of cell.
Cells

Question 8

What is metabolism?

Answer 8

All cellular activities

Anabolism + catabolism

Question 9

What is anabolism?

Answer 9

Uses energy and breaks down products to make other stuff

— uses energy to build

Question 10

What is catabolism?

Answer 10

Breaks down food to provide energy