UNIT 1 Flashcards
What is socialization?
The process by which we learn the behaviors, values, skills, beliefs, and norms of society.
What are the 5 agents of socialization?
- Family / Parents
- School - Socialize us in formal curriculum like reading, math but also in unspoken rules of how to behave, how you act playing with friends or talking to your teacher.
- Peers - Give models of behaviour, we learn from and mimic, peers reward of punish out behaviour.
- Religion - Influence our values and beliefs and behaviours.
- Mass Media - TV, Internet, etc.
ALL AGENTS MUST HAVE A POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE INFLUENCES ON US.
How does Socialization happen across our lifespan?
- Continuous learning of behavior, beliefs, values.
- Significant in youth –> Deep, Lasting, Essential socialization assumed to occur primarily early in life.
- May be different aspects of socialization most influential across different stages of life.
What is media?
Plural of medium –> middle, intermediary.
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–> Mass media: Beyond one on one communication
–> Facilitated by technology
the printing press, radio, tv, internet.
What is a correlational design?
- Where we examine the relationship between TWO variables.
ex. watching more sexual content associated with engaging in more sexual behavior.
What is an experimental design?
Can examine cause and effect.
ex. the independent variables are those who are watching the sexual content or not watching the sexual content and the dependent variable is the sexual behavior.
What is a dependent variable?
The thing that is being measured.
What is the independent variable?
is what is being manipulated among the two groups that are randomly assigned.
What are “natural” experiments?
-Where there are naturally occurring circumstances “randomly” creates differences between individuals.
TV example in different places, Notel, Unitel, and Multitel.
What is Longitudinal design?
- Where the same participants are tested repeatedly over time.
- Most commonly used with correlational designs.
- -> Establishes the time order of two variables which helps to give further support to a potential causal effect.
ex. Measure exposure to sexual content in childhood –> Measure sexual behavior in adolescence.
CAN BE USED IN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS, TO EXPLORE EFFECTS OVER TIME.
What is a random assignment?
everyone has an equal chance of having each effect
What is meta-analysis?
- Meta-analysis relies on studies that have already been conducted.
- Examines the statistical effects of previous studies, synthesizes the overall pattern of results, can be more informative than a single study.
What is media?
The means for communicating a message, The medium is what allows the message to be communicated.
What is the medium? what is the message?
Any technology, any extensions of ourselves. The message is the impact on society (not the intentional communication.
What is content analysis?
Involves analyzing the content of media. The challenge is how can you define sexual content? What are the effects of the sexual content?
