Unit 1 Flashcards
Apologetics is a ______________ defense of the faith
rational
T/F The bible claims that Christianity is true for everyone.
True
T/F In order to remain a tolerant person, it is necessary for you to consider every view to be equally reasonable.
False
T/F One’s perception of reality is always correct
False
What is a worldview and how does it impact a person?
A set of beliefs that affects how a person views the world. Affects their thinking, emotions and actions.
What is metaphysical realism?
There is a world outside of our own minds.
What is the Correspondence Theory of Truth?
Truth is when what you think, say or believe corresponds to reality.
T/F The goal of a critical thinker should be reasonableness instead of certainty.
True
T/F The goal of critical thinking is to learn to effectively criticize an opponent’s arguments, whether or not they are reasonable.
False.
T/F Evidence is what determines whether a belief is justifiable or rational.
True
What does the Postmodernist believe about reality?
It is a social construction (since we can’t see past the wall of perception, we have to create our own reality as we see it)
What does the Postmodernist believe about truth?
It is a social construction (since we can’t know reality)
T/F Most things we “know” require some level of uncertainty.
True
Why is it self-refuting to say, “Everyone has their own individual truth”?
That would require a truth claim that applies to everyone.
Why is HOW you say something in regard to religion just as important as WHAT you say in regard to religion?
How you say if affects whether or not someone else will consider it.
List three things that must be true if someone says, “there is no truth”.
1 - Words
2 - person speaking
3 - alphabet
4 - language, etc
Who said, “I think therefore I am?”
Descartes
Label the following ideas Postmodern or Modern:
Metaphysial realism
Awareness of the importance of perspective
Correspondence theory of truth
Reality is a social construct
Metaphysial realism - Modern
Awareness of the importance of perspective - Post modern
Correspondence theory of truth - Modern
Reality is a social construct - Post modern
Why should religious claims still be evaluated using logic?
- Logic required for understanding
- Religious ideas require evidence to show reasonableness
- Correspondent truth would indicate valid claims
- If just preference, all would be right
What is Plato’s definition of knowledge?
Justified, true belief
Who is credited with developing a clear system of argumentation?
Aristotle —-> Argument
What are the ingredients for a good argument?
True premises and a conclusion that follows.
What is the fallacy with each of these?
- appeal to authority
- ad hominem
- appeal to ignorance
- appeal to pity
Look up answers in basics of knowledge notes under truth Unit 1
Which best describes the philosophical relationship between perspective and the correspondence view of truth?
A Truth is relative since individuals have their own perspectives of reality
B Truth is grounded in reality but individual perspectives are relative
B Truth is grounded in reality but individual perspectives are relative
Explain how statements like “I feel sick” and “the pen is to the left of the paper” can still be defined as absolute
They describe true reality from the perspective of a certain person.
The ability to see past a person’s actions or words and into what causes them to act the way they do is called ___________________
Discernment
What’s the difference between agnosticism and skepticism?
Agnostic - says you can’t know anything
Skeptic - says doubt everything
Define a self-evident principle
One that proves itself true like, “I exist”
Experts in the major monotheistic religions
A Say their respective views on God are the same
B Say their respective views on God are different
C Are all in agreement
D None of the above
B Say their respective views on God are different
What is the problem with outlawing religions?
A It is against Judaic law
B It causes more oppression
C It doesn’t keep people from being religious
D Both B & C
B It causes more oppression
C It doesn’t keep people from being religious
What is the weakness of the blind men and the elephant analogy?
Blind men - different religions
Elephant - the same item being described
Only an outsider would know they are all describing the same thing.
T/F The claim that all religions are equally valid excludes people of many religions
True
What does Christianity offer for keeping peace with those of other religions?
- Love your enemies + pray for those who persecute you
- All are made in God’s image
- Saved by grace. Not outperforming others
T/F The term “faith” in Christianity implies more an action based on knowledge than a belief without evidence
True
Essential Question - Why does truth need to be defined by reality and how should one go about discovering what may be true?
- Truth cannot be defined by perspective
- Correspondence definition of truth cannot be denied with proving it is true ( self-evident)
- If evidence is reasonable enough, we can and should say we “know” something (ie. evidence of Christ as Savior)
Since our perspective (based on limited knowledge and our worldview) does influence what we take to be real, we need to
A Consider different perspectives
B Evaluate evidence for different claims
C Hold on to good evidence, but be open to new evidence
D All of the above
D All of the above.
