Unit 1 Flashcards
What are the macronutrients?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
What are the micronutrients?
vitamins, minerals
Why is water not classified as a macronutrient?
Not needed for energy production
What is an essential nutrient?
a chemical that is required for optimal metabolism, but cannot be synthesized either at all or rapidly enough
What is DRI?
Dietary reference intake
what is EAR?
estimated average requirements - reflects needs of 50% of population - aka the mean
what is RDA?
recommended dietary allowance - reflects needs of 97.5% of population = EAR (mean) + 2sd
what is UL?
upper limit - highest average daily intake that may NOT pose risk of adverse effects
what is AI?
adequate intake - used when EAR & RDA cannot be developed b/c insufficient evidence
what is AMDR?
acceptable macronutrient distribution range - intake range for an energy source associated with reduced risk of chronic disease
what is TI?
therapeutic index - value obtained from UL/RDA - useful to describe proportionate safety range
what is EER?
estimated energy requirements - uses eqn that consider age, weight, height & energy requirements BUT are still estimations so subject to error
Describe the nutrient composition of the body
water: 55-65%. lipids: 20-25%, proteins: 15%, carbohydrates: 0.5%, vitamins and minerals: 2%
what are the functions of water in the body?
- solvent (metabolic functions occur in aqueous environment)
- lubricant in digestive tract
- temperature regulation (sweat)
- catabolism (hydration rxn)
