Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a bit?

A

It is a “binary digit” where it us a single unit of information

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2
Q

What is bit rate?

A

The number of bits that are sent, conveyed, or processed in a certain time frame

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3
Q

What is a binary question?

A

A question with only two possible answers

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4
Q

What is a binary message?

A

A message that can only be one or two values

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5
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

Transmission capacity, measured by bit rate

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6
Q

What is latency?

A

The time it takes for one bit to travel from a sender to a receiver

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7
Q

If a user clicks on a website, and it begins to load immediately, but it takes a long time to load completely and pictures appear slowly, one by one, what is it in terms of bandwidth and latency?

A

High bandwidth, low latency

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8
Q

What is the preliminary sketch of the model idea for something new, and it is the original drawing from which something real might be created?

A

Prototype

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9
Q

What is a novel or improved idea, device, or product, or the development thereof?

A

An innovation

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10
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices

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11
Q

What is permutation?

A

An ordered arrangement of objects

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12
Q

What is a number system?

A

A collection of symbols and the rules for ordering them

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13
Q

What is code?

A

Instructions for a computer

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14
Q

What is abstraction?

A

Reducing information and detail to focus on the essential characteristics. To break problems up into separate pieces and solve separately and then recombine all the parts to forma a complete solution

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15
Q

What is Internet?

A

A group of computers and servers that are connected to each other

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16
Q

What is a server?

A

A computer that waits for and responds to requests for data

17
Q

What is a client?

A

A computer that request data stored on a server

18
Q

What is TCP?

A

Transmission Control Protocol, which provides reliable, ordered, and error checked delivery of a stream of packets on the Internet

19
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A number assigned to any device connected to the Internet

20
Q

What are packets?

A

Small chunks of information carefully formed from larger chunks of information

21
Q

What is a router?

A

A computer that receives messages traveling across a network, and redirects them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information include with the message

22
Q

What is URL?

A

Uniform Resource Locator, which is an easy-to-remember address for calling a webpage

23
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain Name System, which is the internet’s system for converting alphabetic names (URL’s) into numeric IP addresses

24
Q

What is HTTP?

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, which is a protocol used by the World Wide Web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands

25
Q

What is HTML?

A

Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the language for describing structured documents as well as the language used to create web pages in the internet

26
Q

What does it mean for a system to be Fault Tolerant?

A

It enables a system fo continue to operate properly in the event of failure (or one or more faults within the system) of its components

27
Q

What is IETF?

A

Internet Engineering Task Force, which develops and promotes voluntary internet standards and protocols- in particular the standards that comprise the Internet Protocol suite TCP/IP

28
Q

What is RFC?

A

Request for Comments, are the documents that define standards and protocols, and are published on the IETF website

29
Q

What is Net Neutrality?

A

The principle that all internet traffic should be treated equally by all Internet Service Providers (ISP’s)

30
Q

What is ASCII?

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange id the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand

31
Q

What is Moore’s Law?

A

It states that every 18 months, computers and digital technology will double in speed and capacity while the costs get cut in half

32
Q

What is Redundancy?

A

If one system goes down, the connection between other systems will not be broken

33
Q

How does a computer resolve a domain name into an IP address?

A

It asks a DNS server for the corresponding IP address

34
Q

The members of the IETF are…

A

A loosely organized collection of citizens and engineers

35
Q

TCP can never guarantee that…

A

No packets are ever dropped

36
Q

IPv6 now has 128 bit addresses instead of IPv4 that only had 32 bits. What is the main problem that IPv6 was created to solve?

A

32 bit addresses could not ensure that every internet connected device can receive a unique IP address

37
Q

HTTP and DNS rely on…

A

TCP/IP

38
Q

What best describes how protocols on the Internet (IP, TCP, HTTP) make use of abstraction to accomplish their respective purposes?

A

Low-level protocols can provide functionality to high-level protocols without revealing the details of how this is accomplished