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American History > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

True or false: the puritans believed everyone’s fate was predetermined.

A

True

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2
Q

How did the witch trials begin?

A

A reverent and his wife leave their children with a slave who says she can see the future

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3
Q

What is a spectre and how was it used as evidence?

A

A spectre is a dream or vision. Spectres were used as evidence by people testifying. The court would use another person’s dream in order to determine guilt.

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4
Q

Who is Tituba and how did she start a witch hunt?

A

Tituba is the slave that told the children she could see the future. She started the hunt by saying there was 9 names in the Devils book.

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5
Q

How did the Salem witch trials change justice in America?

A

Innocent until proven guilty with real evidence

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6
Q

Who wrote the document Common Sense?

A

Thomas Paine

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7
Q

Why was Britain a formidable enemy?

A
  • worlds largest military

- highly skilled soldiers, more than 6x as the Rebels

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8
Q

What decision is made in Philedalphia on July 2, 1776

A

They will go to war with Britain

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9
Q

Why did America take on the Revolution?

A
  • freedom from tyranny
  • “no taxation without representation”
  • democracy
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10
Q

True or false: 70% of patriots died in prison ships

A

False, 90%

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11
Q

Explain the 4 tactics Washington uses to win the war

A

A. Land: using trees as road blocks and ambushing soldiers from bushes
B. Weapons: advanced rifle; grooved barrel for accuracy
C. Military tactics: guerilla warfare; speed/stealth
D. Targets: scouts, native guides, officers

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12
Q

Why does France join the war?

A

Because they both hate Britain and realize that America might actually win

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13
Q

Why is life in Valley Forge so difficult?

A
  • cold
  • low on food
  • poor hygiene
  • 2000 get sick
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14
Q

How does Washington solve the smallpox problem in Valley Forge?

A

Gives the smallpox virus to healthy people so they can fight the disease on their own. Introduces the virus so they can learn to fight against it later. (Vaccine)

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15
Q

How did Baron Friedrich Wilhelm Von Steuben contribute to independence?

A
  • he establishes proper hygiene
  • writes down methods for military
  • established discipline amongst the Rebels
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16
Q

True or false: did Christopher Columbus find America?

A

False

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17
Q

What “tests” we’re done to prove that a witch was a witch?

A
  • Devils mark

- drowning

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18
Q

True or false: the Europeans thought the natives were savages or “heathens”

A

True

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19
Q

Why did the Europeans need the Amerindians in the early stages of colonization?

A

They needed them in order to trade, the Europeans were outnumbered and they didn’t know the land.

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20
Q

How did Europeans decide to “civilize” Amerindians?

A

Through assimilation

21
Q

Why did settlers come to the colonies?

A

There are many reasons, some being:

  • religious persecution
  • desire to improve their lives economically
  • land: the ultimate sign of freedom and wealth
22
Q

What was one way many poorer individuals would come to the new world?

A

By becoming indentured servants. Europeans would sign an agreement to work for free for 5-7 years in return for a ship ticket. After their term they are free to start their new life.

23
Q

True or false: the colony of Massachusetts was created as a refuge for religious dissenters

A

True

24
Q

Explain 3 causes of the revolution

A

1) The sugar act: cloth, sugar, wine, coffee. “No taxation without representation”. Mercantilism. Boycotting British goods.
2) The Boston mass: innocent civilians, the quartering act, created martyr.
3) The 1st Cont: all delegates from all 13 states except one met to discuss possible solutions to Britain. Common beliefs: militia, bear arms, boycotting, only colonial assemblies make laws

25
Q

Paul revere’s painting was used as propaganda in what way?

A

It circulated throughout the colonies painting the image of American colonists innocence and the brutal British. It encouraged most colonists to go against Britain and it became a symbol of the revolution.

26
Q

What was John Rolf’s plan in America?

A

To plant tobacco. It becomes Americas largest export for 150 yrs

27
Q

Why was it difficult for the settlers to survive?

A
  • long winters
  • short growing seasons
  • poor soil
  • disease
28
Q

How did the Natives help the Europeans survive and vice versa?

A

They taught them to use fish to make good soil conditions, and in return the settlers face natives weapons.

29
Q

Why was concord more successful than Lexington for the Americans?

A

They attacked from hidden spots like trees or bushes catching the British off guard since they are used to stand off type of warfare.

30
Q

What steps did the colonists take to indicate their unhappiness at the 1st continental congress?

A

Their decision to meet as a congress to discuss a declaration to separate from Britain. The creation of committees of observation and security to make sure the people we’re loyal to the colonies.

31
Q

What was the Committee of Observation and Security and what was the outcome?

A

A committee that made sure colonists were loyal to the colonies cause not Britain. The committees then made self-governing colonies and made the first step to autonomy.

32
Q

What was Paul revere’s role in the concord battle?

A

He warned the colonists that the British were coming to seize weapons from the militia.

33
Q

True or false: the Americans urged the British government to give back colonial liberties before they went to war.

A

True

34
Q

How did the revolutionary war begin?

A

It began with the first attack of the American militia in Lexington and Concord.

35
Q

True or false: Rhode Island is the place where the first battle of the revolution took place

A

False, it was at bunker hill

36
Q

Explain the difference in the American strategy and the British strategy to win the war

A

American: defensive, draw the war out until they give up, attach ships, block ports, break laws.

British: offensive, try to divide the bother and souther states.

37
Q

List three tactics the Americans used to win the war

A
  • guerrilla warfare; hiding in bushes and ambushing them
  • killing officers first instead of soldiers
  • decoy British hostages
38
Q

Describe shays rebellion

A

Shays rebellion is a group of farmers who lost trade with Britain but were forced to pay higher taxes. When they couldn’t they would be imprisoned for debt.

39
Q

Explain the legislative branch of American government

A

Made up of two houses, the House of Representatives and the senate. The house does what’s popular, the senate does what’s best for the state.

40
Q

Describe the executive branch of American government

A

“Law executors”

Composed of the cabinet and president. Their job is to enforce laws and negotiate with foreign nations.

41
Q

True or false: the president isn’t elected directly from the people. As a check there is the electoral college that votes on behalf of each state to determine the president and Vice President.

A

True

42
Q

Explain the judicial branch of American government

A

“Law interpreters”

The court system. The Supreme Court is the highest court. The court decides if a law agrees/disagrees with the constitution.

43
Q

What are checks and balances?

A

No branch of government has total power. Therefore, each branch has the opportunity to limit each other’s actions.

44
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The House of Representatives uses “representation by (blank)”

A

Population

45
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The (blank) uses “equal representation”

A

Senate

46
Q

What is the three-fifths compromise?

A

Slaves would be counted as 3/5 of a person in representation and taxes.

47
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The constitution recognized slaves as (blank) and not (blank)

A
  • property

- people

48
Q

What were the three important compromises that occurred when creating the constitution?

A

1) Representation: house= representation by pop. Senate= equal representation
2) Slavery: slaves counted as 3/5 of a person in representation and taxes
3) Taxes: agree to tax imported goods but not exported goods.

American History (2 decks)

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