unit 1

Question 1

GIS

Answer 1

“geographic information system”

uses computer technology to collect , manipulate, analyze, and display data about earths surface in order to solve geographical problems

Question 2

absolute location

Answer 2

the exact position of a place on the earth

coordinates

Question 3

hemisphere

Answer 3

halves

Question 4

relative location

Answer 4

a places relation/position compared to other places

i live 2 minutes away from old union

Question 5

formal region

Answer 5

places with common characteristics and sometimes set by government
(tarrant county)

Question 6

functional region

Answer 6

places that are connected by movement

newspaper territory

Question 7

perceptual region

Answer 7

places where people perceive the characteristics in the same way
(the south)

Question 8

core

Answer 8

the earths center, consisting of very hot metal that is dense and solid in the inner core and molten in the outer core

Question 9

lithosphere

Answer 9

the surface features of the earth including soil rocks and landforms

Question 10

atmosphere

Answer 10

the layer of gases water vapor and other substances above the earth

Question 11

hydrosphere

Answer 11

the water contained in oceans lakes rivers and under ground

Question 12

biosphere

Answer 12

the world of plants animals and other living things in the earths land and waters

Question 13

relief

Answer 13

the differences in elevation or height of the landforms in any particular area

Question 14

mantle

Answer 14

a thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earths crust that surrounds the earths core

Question 15

mechanical weathering

Answer 15

the actual breaking up or physical weathering of rock by forces such as ice and roots

Question 16

crust

Answer 16

the solid rocky surface layer of the earth

Question 17

weathering

Answer 17

the chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down eventually becoming soil

Question 18

continent

Answer 18

any of the seven large landmasses of the surface

Question 19

geography

Answer 19

the study of where people, places, and things are located and how they relate to eachother

Question 20

continental drift theory

Answer 20

the idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride

Question 21

ring of fire

Answer 21

a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the pacific ocean

Question 22

chemical weathering

Answer 22

the process by which the actual chemical structure of rock is changed

Question 23

acid rain

Answer 23

rain whose high concentration of chemicals pollutes water, kills plant and animal life, and eats away at the surface of stone and rock; a form of chemical weathering

Question 24

erosion

Answer 24

the movement of weathered materials

Question 25

weather

Answer 25

the condition of the bottom layer of the earths atmosphere in one place over a short period of time

Question 26

climate

Answer 26

the term used for the weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a long period time

Question 27

solstice

Answer 27

either of the two times a year when the sun appears directly overhead of the tropic of cancer and capricorn

Question 28

equinox

Answer 28

either of the two times each year when day and night are the exact same length during the day and night

Question 29

ecosystem

Answer 29

the interaction of plant life, animal life, and the physical environment in which they live

Question 30

biome

Answer 30

the term used to describe a major type of ecosystem that can be found in various regions throughout the world

Question 31

deciduous

Answer 31

a leave-shedding tree

Question 32

coniferous

Answer 32

a type of tree able to bear long, cold winters with long thin needles rather than leaves

Question 33

natural resource

Answer 33

a material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs

Question 34

renewable resource

Answer 34

a natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as used

Question 35

nonrenewable resource

Answer 35

a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used

Question 36

geothermal energy

Answer 36

energy produced by the earths internal, intense heat

Question 37

primary economic activity

Answer 37

an economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly, such as fishing or mining

Question 38

secondary economic activity

Answer 38

an economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value

Question 39

tertiary economic activity

Answer 39

an economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but pursue activities that serve others; service industry

Question 40

subsistence farming

Answer 40

farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or village

Question 41

commercial farming

Answer 41

the raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets

Question 42

export

Answer 42

an item that is sent out of the country for sale

Question 43

import

Answer 43

an item brought into the country for sale

Question 44

5 themes of geography

Answer 44

``` location place region movement human ```

Question 45

latitude

Answer 45

which is always given first, measures the distance north or south of the equator

Question 46

longitude

Answer 46

which is always given second, measures the distance east or west of the prime meridian

Question 47

how does latitude affect climate

Answer 47

the further from the equator, the colder and drier it becomes

Question 48

how does the elevation affect climate

Answer 48

the higher the elevation, the colder it gets

Question 49

volcanoes form when...

Answer 49

magma breaks through the earths crust

Question 50

pangea/continental drift theory

Answer 50

all the continents were once a "super continent" and the continents were then moved apart by plate tectonics

Question 51

3 most common forms of erosion

Answer 51

water wind glaciers