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nursg 2100 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of medicines, including their administration, their sites of action and their effects

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2
Q

Pharmacotherapy

A

The use of drugs for the prevention and treatment

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3
Q

Drug

A

Anything that helps prevent cure, or reduce symptoms of a medical condition.

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4
Q

Classification of Drugs- Therapeutic

A

What the drug is treating

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5
Q

Classification of Drugs- Pharmacologic

A

How the drug acts in the body

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6
Q

Classification of drugs- Prototype Drug

A

well understood model drug to which other drugs in a class are compared.

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7
Q

What are the three types of drug names?

A

Chemical, Generic, and trade, brand, propriety

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8
Q

Chemical Drug Name

A

Standardized by the international union of pure and applied chemistry.

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9
Q

Generic Drug name

A

Assigned by the U.S. adopted name council, only one generic name per drug.

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10
Q

Trade, brand, propriety drug name

A

Drug name assigned by the pharmaceutical company

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11
Q

What is involved in the U.S. pharmacopeia- national formulary drug standards?

A

quality/purity, strength, therapeutic use, patient saftey, standardized dosage form, safe packaging.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the FDA?

A
  • Assure safety and efficiency of drugs and medical devices.
  • encourages innovation in making drugs more effective, safer, and more affordable.
  • Disseminating information about drugs, assures effective drugs are available.
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13
Q

What is the process for drug development?

A
  • Testing animal studies (FDA review)
  • Clinical trials- 3 phases
  • New drug application
  • post marketing surveillance
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14
Q

What is the controlled substances act?

A

It recognized the abuse and dependency potential of specific drugs and categorized these drugs. Schedule 1 is the highest schedule 5 is the lowest.

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15
Q

Schedule 1 drugs

A

-Highest potential of abuse, physical dependence, and psychological dependence
-not currently accepted in medical use in the U.S.
Lack of accepted safety for use of the drug under medical supervision.
-EX: heroin, marijuana, peyote, LSD

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16
Q

Schedule 2 Drugs

A
  • High potential for abuse physical dependence and psychological dependence
  • currently accepted medical use in U.S., No refills
  • EX: Morphine, cocaine, methadone, methamphetamines, hydrocodone, codeine
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17
Q

Schedule 3 Drugs

A
  • Moderate potential for abuse, moderate to low physical and high psychological dependence.
  • currently acceptable in the U.S., five refills allowed in 6 months
  • EX: Anabolic steroids and Icetamine
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18
Q

Schedule 4 Drugs

A
  • Lower potential for abuse, lower physical and psychological dependence.
  • currently accepted medical use in the U.S., 5 refills in 6 months.
  • EX: Benzodiapines, Zolpidem, and Tramadol
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19
Q

Schedule 5 Drugs

A
  • Lowest potential for abuse, lowest physical and psychological dependence
  • currently accepted medical use in U.S., can be over the counter, refills as authorized by the company.
  • EX: Cough syrups with codeine and anti-diarrheal medicine.
20
Q

What are the nurses responsibility for controlled substances?

A
  • Keep drugs in secure “Lock box” a double lock is required for narcotics.
  • count controlled medications per facilities policy at end and beginning of shift
  • 2 Nurses always count medicine
  • a nurse always witness and signs when a medicine is discarded or wasted.
21
Q

What are some common concerns for nurses?

A

Medication errors, assistive personal administering drugs, administering a drug without an order, transporting, delivering, and dispensing drugs, drug dependency.

22
Q

What are the 10 rights?

A
  • Right patients
  • Right drug
  • Right dose
  • Right route
  • Right time
  • Right documentation
  • Right client education
  • Right to refuse
  • Right assessment
  • Right evaluation
23
Q

Why do medication errors happen?

A
  • Lack of knowledge
  • Dosage miss-communication
  • Poor communication (EX: bad handwriting)
  • Similar drug names
  • Drug packages/labels
  • Stressful work situations
  • Distractions
24
Q

What is considered a drug?

A

A drug is a anything that is used to prevent, cure, or reduce a symptom of a medical condition.

25
Q

Indications

A

the medical conditions for which a drug is approved

26
Q

Pharmacopeia

A

a medical reference summarizing standards of drug purity, strength, and directions of synthesis.

27
Q

Adherence

A

taking medicine in the manner perscribed by the health care provider

28
Q

What are the 3 parts of a prescription?

A
  • Heading
  • Body
  • Closing
29
Q

What is in a heading of a prescription?

A

includes prescribers name, address, number, date

30
Q

What is included a body of a prescription?

A

Drug name, dosage, and amount dispensed, patient instructions.

31
Q

What is included in the closing of a prescriptions?

A

prescribers signature, refill number, and DEA number of prescriber.

32
Q

Enteral route

A

includes drugs deliered to the gastrointestinal tract, either orally, or through nasogastric, or gastrostomy tubes.

33
Q

Enteric-coated route

A

Designed to dissolve in the small intestine

34
Q

Buccal route

A

administer on the side of mouth with dissolving tablet

35
Q

Sublingual route

A

Mediation placed under tongue and allowed to slowly dissolve.

36
Q

When should Sublingual be administered?

A

after oral medications have been swallowed.

37
Q

What do you do when a med error has occurred?

A
  • Follow facilities policy and procedures
  • Document on patient chart the error, what nursing actions were followed, who was notified about the error
  • Complete an incident report
38
Q

Topical route

A

includes medicine applied to the skin or the membranous linings of the eye, ear, nose, respiratory tract, urinary tract, vagina, and rectum.

39
Q

Transdermal Patches

A

topical delivery method that uses patches that contain a specified amount of medication that is released over a specified time period.

40
Q

opthalmic administration

A

is used to treat local conditions of the eye and surrounding structures.

41
Q

Otic Administration

A

used to treat local conditions of the ear, including infections, and accumulation of earwax in auditory canal

42
Q

Vaginal Route

A

is used to treat local conditions such as vaginal infections, pain, and itching

43
Q

Rectal Route

A

used for either local or systemic drug delivery.

44
Q

What happens if a therapeutic effect goes extreme?

A

Then there will BE a adverse effect

45
Q

When should you always document?

A

After the medication is given.

nursg 2100 (5 decks)

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