Unit 1-3

Question 0

The scientific method

Answer 0

Question
Hypothesis
Test
Analyze 
Draw conclusions

Question 1

A set of mathematical procedures used to make sense out of data; organize, summarize, interpret.

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

Data

Answer 2

Measurements or observations

Question 3

Data sets

Answer 3

Are collections of measurements or observations

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

The entire group of individuals a researcher wishes to study. (whole group)

Question 5

Sample

Answer 5

A subset of the population that is intended to represent, or stand in for the population.

Question 6

Representative sample

Answer 6

Accurately reflects the individuals, behaviors, and scores found in the population.

Question 7

Random sample

Answer 7

Each member of the population has an equal chance of being included. Best way to ensure fairness

Question 8

Parameters

Answer 8

Numerical values that are based on the data from an entire population ( population data)
Symbols used: Greek alphabet

Question 9

Numerical values that are based on data from the sample, (sample data)
Symbols used: English alphabet

Answer 9

Statistics

Question 10

Statistical procedures used to summarize, organize, and simplify data

Answer 10

Descriptive statistics

Question 11

Techniques that allow us to study samples and then make generalizations about the populations from with they are selected

Answer 11

Inferential Statistics

Question 12

N=

Answer 12

Population size

Question 13

The naturally occurring discrepancy, or error, that exists between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter

Answer 13

Sampling Error

Question 14

How do you control for sampling error?

Answer 14

• Random Assignment
• Increase Sample Size
• Keep variability in each sample relatively small

Question 15

A simple measurement of participants’ scored on two variables to determine if a relationship is present

Answer 15

Correlation method

Question 16

The researcher actively changes or manipulates one variable to see if a relationship is produced

Answer 16

Experimental Method

Question 17

Contestant

Answer 17

Is a characteristic that does not vary regardless of the constraints

Question 18

Variable

Answer 18

Is a characteristic or condition that changes or has different values for different individuals

Question 19

Independent Variable (X)

Answer 19

Changed or manipulated, the one who causes a change by the researcher or variable its self.

Question 20

Dependent Variable (Y)

Answer 20

Variable being observed or measured to asses the effect of the treatment (the one you measure)

Question 21

Control condition

Answer 21

No treatment/placebo

Question 22

Experimental condition

Answer 22

You get the treatment