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CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY > UNIT 1-3 > Flashcards

UNIT 1-3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

small membrane enclosed units
can divide.
have genes.
unit of life

A

CELL/S

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2
Q

WHO?
discovered cell in a thin sliced of cork.

A

ROBERT HOOKE

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3
Q

AVL used ___ to observe pond scum.
other term of pond scum.
observed blood cells fr?

A

HANDMADE MICROSCOPE
ANIMALCULES
FISH, BIRDS, FROG, DOGS, & HUMANS

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4
Q

19th century advancement.
disproved by who.

A

FEW CELL THEORY
SPON. GEN. DISPROVED BY LP

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5
Q

discovered nucleus.
Brownian motion.

A

ROBERT BROWN
RANDOM MOTION OF PARTICLES

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6
Q

Czech coined term “protoplasm”.
used on fingerprints & microtome.
des. movement of cilia.

A

JOHANNES PURKINJE

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7
Q

yr__, ms. (all plants r made of cells).
co-founder of cell theory.

A

1838

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8
Q

yr__, ts. (all animal tissues r composed of cell).

A

1839

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9
Q

yr__, rv. (every cell originates fr another existing cell).
1st evidence of cell division.

A

1955

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10
Q

all org. r composed of cells.
cells r smallest living things.
cells arise only fr. pre-existing cells.

A

MS & TS 1838 1839
RV 1955

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11
Q

genetic material -___
___- semifluid matrix
plasma mem. -___

A

NUCLEOID / NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER

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12
Q

__ BASIC COMPONENTS + __
ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS.

A

3 BC + 4 AS

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13
Q

RESOLVE STRUC. 200NM APRT.
RESOLVE STRUC. 0.2NM APART.

A

LIGHT MICROSCOPE
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

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14
Q

NAME CHARACTERS OF A CELL

A

CELL MEMBRANE
RIBOSOME
CYTOPLASM
CELLS CONTAIN DNA
FOUND IN NUCLEUS
CELL BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

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15
Q

TWO BASIC TYPE OF CELLS

A

PRO & EU

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16
Q

NUCLEOID. CYTOSKELETON.
PLASMID. PLASMA MEMB.
CYTOPLASM. GRANULES.

A

DNA LOC
SMALL EXTRA PIECE OF CHROMOSOME
GROWTH
THOUGHT TO BE ONLY ON EUKARYA
PHILIC, PHOBIC
BACTERIA WAY OF STORING NUTRIENTS

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17
Q

FLAGELLA
AXIAL FILAMENT (ENDOF)
FIMBRIAE
PILI

A

LONG THIN EXTENSION
WING AROUND BACTERIA
NO ROLE IN MOTILITY
TUBES LONGER THAN FIMBRIAE SHORTER THAN FLAGELLA

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18
Q

COMMON SHAPE OF
PROKARYOTES

A

BACILLUS /LLI
COCCUS / CCI
SPIRAL
ETC.

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19
Q

GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF PROKARYOTESS

A

CAN EAT
RESPIRE
REPRODUCE
NOT HAVE NUCLEUS

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20
Q

NOT LIVING ORGANISM.
NOT MADE OF CELLS

A

VIRUSES

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21
Q

GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF EUKARYOTES

A

HAS NUCLEUS
LARGER THAN PRO
ANIMALS, PLANTS, FUNGI, PROTISTS

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22
Q

GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF PLANT CELL

A

HAVE CELL WALL
LARGE VACUOLE
FEW LYSOME

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23
Q

VACUOLES.
CHLOROPLAST.
CELL WALL.

A

STORES WATER
TRAPS ENERGY
PROVIDES SUPPORT

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24
Q

ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS
BOTH HAVE.

A

NUCLEUS
RIBOSOME
ROUGH / SOFT ER
GOLGI A
MITOCHONDRIA
CYTOPLASM
VACUOLES

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25
Q

GIVE 4-6 CHARACTERISTIC OF
ANIMAL CELL

A

NO CELL WALL
NO CHLOROPLAST
NO LARGE VACUOLE

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26
Q

HOW MANY PERCENTAGES OF
WATER IN HUMAN BONE & BRAIN
CELLS.

A

20% BONE
85% BRAIN CELLS
70% TOTAL BODY W.

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27
Q

OXYGEN IS MORE
ELECTRONEGATIVE THAN
HYDROGEN.

A

TRUE

28
Q

DIFF BETWEEN HYDROPHILIC
AND HYDROPHOBIC.

A

PHILIC = WATER LOVING
PHOBIC = WATER FEARING

29
Q

COHESION & ADHESION.
GOOD SOLVENT.
LOWER DENSITY AS A SOLID.
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT.
HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION.

A

SURFACE TENSION & CAPILLARY ACTION
MOLECULES DISSOLVE IN H20
ICE FLOATS
WATER STORES HEAT
HEAT & COOLS AWAY

30
Q

COHESION
VS.
ADHESION

A

H BONDING BETWEEN H20 MOLECULES
H BONDING BETWEEN H20 & OTHERS

31
Q

__ IS THE SOLVENT OF LIFE.
WHAT CREATES SOLUTION.

A

WATER
SOLVENT DISSOLVES SOLUTES = SOLUTIONS

32
Q

DEFINE ORGANIC
COMPOUND

A

IT IS MADE OF HYDROCARBONS

33
Q

GIVE EXAMPLE OF ORGANIC
COMPONDS

A

DEET
CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACID

34
Q

GIVE 4 CLASSES OF
BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES.

A

PROTEINS
LIPIDS
CARBOHYDRATES
NUCLEIC ACID

35
Q

ORGANIC THAT CONTAINS
HYDROCARBONS.
ONPS

A

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
OXYGEN, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, & SULFUR

36
Q

POLY MEANS?
POLYMERS ARE MADE UP OF?
GIVE EXAMPLE

A

MANY
MANY MONOMERS
FATS, PROTEINS

37
Q

DEFINE CARBOHYDRATES

A

MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY
MONOSAC
GLUCOSE MAIN PRODUCT OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DISACCHARIDE

38
Q

DEFINE COMPLEX
CARBOHYDRATES

A

LONG TERM STORAGE FOR ENERGY

38
Q

___ POLYSACCHARIDE
COMPRISING GLUCOSE
MONOMERS.

A

STARCH

38
Q

A GLUCOSE POLYMER.
PLANT SUPP.
FOOD SOURCE OF SEEDS & PLANT
BULBS.

A

CELLULOSE

38
Q

BRANCHED POLYMERS.
LONG-TERM ENERGY STORAGE.

A

GLYCOGEN

39
Q

WHAT POLYSACCHARIDES MADE UP
OF?

A

GLUCOSE POLYMERS

39
Q

GIVE 3-4 FACTS ABOUT
GLYCOGEN.

A

STORED ENERGY
INSULATE BODY
INCLUDE WAXES
WATERPROOF

40
Q

__ OF THE CELL MEMBRANE.
GIVE EX. OF LLIPIDS.

A

PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
OIL, BUTTER, MARGARINE

41
Q

MADE UP OF FATTY ACID
MONOMERS.
__ HAVE A BACKBONE.

A

FAT
GLYCERIDES

42
Q

GLYCEROL GROUP WTH _
FATTY ACID CHAINS.

A

TRIGLYCERIDES
3

43
Q

P ARE MADE UP OF MOSTLY
,,_ & _

A

PROTEINS
C,H,O,&N

44
Q

GIVE 3-4 FUNCTION OF
PROTEINS.

A

STRUCTURAL MOLECULES
NON-STEROID HORMONE
ANTIBODIES
ENZYMES

45
Q

3 KINDS OF PROTEINS
SHAPE.

A

AMINO ACIDS
PEPTIDE
PROTEIN

46
Q

GIVE 2-3 TYPES OF PROTEIN
STRUCTURE.

A

PRIMARY
SECONDARY
TERTIARY
QUARTERNARY

47
Q

HYDROGEN BONDING.
3 DIMENSIONAL.
SEQUENCE OF A CHAIN.
PROTEIN CONSISTING OF.

A

SS
TS
PS
QS

48
Q

GIVE 3-4 TYPES &
EXAMPLE OF PROTEINS.

A

STRUCTURAL - NAIL, HAIR
STORAGE - MILK, NUTS
TRANSPORT - HEMOGLOBIN

49
Q

INSULIN IS __.
__ CONDITION WHEN A PERSON
HAS HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE.

A

CHEMICAL SIGNALER
DIABETES

50
Q

PROTEINS IN RBC THAT
CARRIES OXYGEN.

A

HEMOGLOBIN

51
Q

PART OF IMMUNE
SYSTEM.

A

ANTIBODIES

52
Q

DEFINE ENZYME

A

FOLDED SPECIFIC TO ITS FUNCTION
LOCK & KEY MODEL

53
Q

WHAT IS THE FOURTH TYPE
OF BIOCHEMICAL MOLECULE?

A

NUCLEIC ACID
NUCLEOTIDE

54
Q

RNA & DNA

A

NUCLEIC ACID
DOUBLE STRAND
SINGLE STRAND

55
Q

___ INFORMATION
MOLECULE.

A

DNA

56
Q

CODONS IS?

A

GENES

57
Q

CREATES CONSISTENCY IN
THE NUCLEOTIDE SEQ. OF THE TWO
DNA.

A

COMPLEMENTARY BASE PAIRING

58
Q

FUNCTIONS IN CELLULAR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.

A

RNA

59
Q

RNA CONSISTS OF __

A

RIBOSE NUCLEOTIDES

60
Q

TYPES OF RNA

A

mRNA MESSENGER
tRNA TRANSFER
rRNA RIBOSOMAL

61
Q

MAKES UP RIBOSOMEPROTEIN FACTORIES OF THE
CELL.

A

rRNA

62
Q

CARRIES & TRANSFER

A

mRNA
tRNA

CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2 decks)

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