UNIT 1-3 Flashcards
small membrane enclosed units
can divide.
have genes.
unit of life
CELL/S
WHO?
discovered cell in a thin sliced of cork.
ROBERT HOOKE
AVL used ___ to observe pond scum.
other term of pond scum.
observed blood cells fr?
HANDMADE MICROSCOPE
ANIMALCULES
FISH, BIRDS, FROG, DOGS, & HUMANS
19th century advancement.
disproved by who.
FEW CELL THEORY
SPON. GEN. DISPROVED BY LP
discovered nucleus.
Brownian motion.
ROBERT BROWN
RANDOM MOTION OF PARTICLES
Czech coined term “protoplasm”.
used on fingerprints & microtome.
des. movement of cilia.
JOHANNES PURKINJE
yr__, ms. (all plants r made of cells).
co-founder of cell theory.
1838
yr__, ts. (all animal tissues r composed of cell).
1839
yr__, rv. (every cell originates fr another existing cell).
1st evidence of cell division.
1955
all org. r composed of cells.
cells r smallest living things.
cells arise only fr. pre-existing cells.
MS & TS 1838 1839
RV 1955
genetic material -___
___- semifluid matrix
plasma mem. -___
NUCLEOID / NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
__ BASIC COMPONENTS + __
ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS.
3 BC + 4 AS
RESOLVE STRUC. 200NM APRT.
RESOLVE STRUC. 0.2NM APART.
LIGHT MICROSCOPE
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
NAME CHARACTERS OF A CELL
CELL MEMBRANE
RIBOSOME
CYTOPLASM
CELLS CONTAIN DNA
FOUND IN NUCLEUS
CELL BASIC UNIT OF LIFE
TWO BASIC TYPE OF CELLS
PRO & EU
NUCLEOID. CYTOSKELETON.
PLASMID. PLASMA MEMB.
CYTOPLASM. GRANULES.
DNA LOC
SMALL EXTRA PIECE OF CHROMOSOME
GROWTH
THOUGHT TO BE ONLY ON EUKARYA
PHILIC, PHOBIC
BACTERIA WAY OF STORING NUTRIENTS
FLAGELLA
AXIAL FILAMENT (ENDOF)
FIMBRIAE
PILI
LONG THIN EXTENSION
WING AROUND BACTERIA
NO ROLE IN MOTILITY
TUBES LONGER THAN FIMBRIAE SHORTER THAN FLAGELLA
COMMON SHAPE OF
PROKARYOTES
BACILLUS /LLI
COCCUS / CCI
SPIRAL
ETC.
GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF PROKARYOTESS
CAN EAT
RESPIRE
REPRODUCE
NOT HAVE NUCLEUS
NOT LIVING ORGANISM.
NOT MADE OF CELLS
VIRUSES
GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF EUKARYOTES
HAS NUCLEUS
LARGER THAN PRO
ANIMALS, PLANTS, FUNGI, PROTISTS
GIVE 3-4 CHARACTERISTIC
OF PLANT CELL
HAVE CELL WALL
LARGE VACUOLE
FEW LYSOME
VACUOLES.
CHLOROPLAST.
CELL WALL.
STORES WATER
TRAPS ENERGY
PROVIDES SUPPORT
ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS
BOTH HAVE.
NUCLEUS
RIBOSOME
ROUGH / SOFT ER
GOLGI A
MITOCHONDRIA
CYTOPLASM
VACUOLES
GIVE 4-6 CHARACTERISTIC OF
ANIMAL CELL
NO CELL WALL
NO CHLOROPLAST
NO LARGE VACUOLE
HOW MANY PERCENTAGES OF
WATER IN HUMAN BONE & BRAIN
CELLS.
20% BONE
85% BRAIN CELLS
70% TOTAL BODY W.
OXYGEN IS MORE
ELECTRONEGATIVE THAN
HYDROGEN.
TRUE
DIFF BETWEEN HYDROPHILIC
AND HYDROPHOBIC.
PHILIC = WATER LOVING
PHOBIC = WATER FEARING
COHESION & ADHESION.
GOOD SOLVENT.
LOWER DENSITY AS A SOLID.
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT.
HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION.
SURFACE TENSION & CAPILLARY ACTION
MOLECULES DISSOLVE IN H20
ICE FLOATS
WATER STORES HEAT
HEAT & COOLS AWAY
COHESION
VS.
ADHESION
H BONDING BETWEEN H20 MOLECULES
H BONDING BETWEEN H20 & OTHERS
__ IS THE SOLVENT OF LIFE.
WHAT CREATES SOLUTION.
WATER
SOLVENT DISSOLVES SOLUTES = SOLUTIONS
DEFINE ORGANIC
COMPOUND
IT IS MADE OF HYDROCARBONS
GIVE EXAMPLE OF ORGANIC
COMPONDS
DEET
CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACID
GIVE 4 CLASSES OF
BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES.
PROTEINS
LIPIDS
CARBOHYDRATES
NUCLEIC ACID
ORGANIC THAT CONTAINS
HYDROCARBONS.
ONPS
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
OXYGEN, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, & SULFUR
POLY MEANS?
POLYMERS ARE MADE UP OF?
GIVE EXAMPLE
MANY
MANY MONOMERS
FATS, PROTEINS
DEFINE CARBOHYDRATES
MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY
MONOSAC
GLUCOSE MAIN PRODUCT OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DISACCHARIDE
DEFINE COMPLEX
CARBOHYDRATES
LONG TERM STORAGE FOR ENERGY
___ POLYSACCHARIDE
COMPRISING GLUCOSE
MONOMERS.
STARCH
A GLUCOSE POLYMER.
PLANT SUPP.
FOOD SOURCE OF SEEDS & PLANT
BULBS.
CELLULOSE
BRANCHED POLYMERS.
LONG-TERM ENERGY STORAGE.
GLYCOGEN
WHAT POLYSACCHARIDES MADE UP
OF?
GLUCOSE POLYMERS
GIVE 3-4 FACTS ABOUT
GLYCOGEN.
STORED ENERGY
INSULATE BODY
INCLUDE WAXES
WATERPROOF
__ OF THE CELL MEMBRANE.
GIVE EX. OF LLIPIDS.
PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
OIL, BUTTER, MARGARINE
MADE UP OF FATTY ACID
MONOMERS.
__ HAVE A BACKBONE.
FAT
GLYCERIDES
GLYCEROL GROUP WTH _
FATTY ACID CHAINS.
TRIGLYCERIDES
3
P ARE MADE UP OF MOSTLY
,,_ & _
PROTEINS
C,H,O,&N
GIVE 3-4 FUNCTION OF
PROTEINS.
STRUCTURAL MOLECULES
NON-STEROID HORMONE
ANTIBODIES
ENZYMES
3 KINDS OF PROTEINS
SHAPE.
AMINO ACIDS
PEPTIDE
PROTEIN
GIVE 2-3 TYPES OF PROTEIN
STRUCTURE.
PRIMARY
SECONDARY
TERTIARY
QUARTERNARY
HYDROGEN BONDING.
3 DIMENSIONAL.
SEQUENCE OF A CHAIN.
PROTEIN CONSISTING OF.
SS
TS
PS
QS
GIVE 3-4 TYPES &
EXAMPLE OF PROTEINS.
STRUCTURAL - NAIL, HAIR
STORAGE - MILK, NUTS
TRANSPORT - HEMOGLOBIN
INSULIN IS __.
__ CONDITION WHEN A PERSON
HAS HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE.
CHEMICAL SIGNALER
DIABETES
PROTEINS IN RBC THAT
CARRIES OXYGEN.
HEMOGLOBIN
PART OF IMMUNE
SYSTEM.
ANTIBODIES
DEFINE ENZYME
FOLDED SPECIFIC TO ITS FUNCTION
LOCK & KEY MODEL
WHAT IS THE FOURTH TYPE
OF BIOCHEMICAL MOLECULE?
NUCLEIC ACID
NUCLEOTIDE
RNA & DNA
NUCLEIC ACID
DOUBLE STRAND
SINGLE STRAND
___ INFORMATION
MOLECULE.
DNA
CODONS IS?
GENES
CREATES CONSISTENCY IN
THE NUCLEOTIDE SEQ. OF THE TWO
DNA.
COMPLEMENTARY BASE PAIRING
FUNCTIONS IN CELLULAR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.
RNA
RNA CONSISTS OF __
RIBOSE NUCLEOTIDES
TYPES OF RNA
mRNA MESSENGER
tRNA TRANSFER
rRNA RIBOSOMAL
MAKES UP RIBOSOMEPROTEIN FACTORIES OF THE
CELL.
rRNA
CARRIES & TRANSFER
mRNA
tRNA
