UNIT 1-2 AP WORLD Flashcards by Elizabeth Nguyen

Actively seeking converts to universalizing faith.

Proselytize

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Made Buddhism Strong ( Unit 2 )

Sinhala

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Organization that carried empires policies.

Bureaucracy

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Demonstration of merit on exams which led to government positions.

Meritocracy

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Extended exams to lower economic classes, and increased government positions which led to China’s surplus wealth dwindling.

Song Taizu

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30,000 miles internal waterway

Grand Canal

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UNiversal rice that came from Vietnam. It could be grown in Winter and Summer.

Champa Rice

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Where rural areas made more products than they could sell.

Proto-Industrialization

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Education in Confucian philosophy

Scholar Gentry

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Bind Women’s foot

Foot binding

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Theravada, Mahaya, and Tibetan Buddhism shaped Asia.

Types of buddhism that shaped Asia.

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Focused on Ethical + Social philosophy compared to Religious belief

Neo-Confucianism

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Abbasid -> Caliph -> ( ranking down) Ruler

Chief Sunni

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Islamic Scholar that studied astronomy/ led trigonometry to be a separate subject.

Nasiral Daniel- Tusi

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Was a poet that led to sulfis and grasp truths that cannot be understood by learning,

A’ishah al- Ba’unniyyah

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Mystics of the Islamic faith, who believed they could become closer with Allah by personal experiences.

Sulfis

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Bantu+ Arabic =

Swahili

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First Muslim dynasty (Sunni Muslims)

Ummayyads

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Muslims that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate
(750-1258)

Abbasids

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Eastern Rome Empire

Byzantine Empire

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One of the biggest learning centers for Islamic people, (HAD THE LARGEST LIBRARY)

Cordoba

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The city/ empire that had the House of Wisdom

Baghdad (city) / Abbasid empire

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Scholarship center of learning, in SPAIN.

Al-Andalus

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Tax on non-Muslims (1.3)

Jizya

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Hanihara and Bukka went from Delhi sultanate to extend rule in Southern India. They were previously Islamic but reconverted to Hinduism, their birth religion.

Vijayanagara Empire

Muslim kingdom that ruled parts of India

Dehli Sultanate

descendants from Mongols. Delhi's sultanate was conquered by them.

Mughals

ruled by a RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL leader. (Caliph) of absolute authority,

Caliphate

Headed by the Sultan, and is a more secular type of government.

Sultanate

Doing affairs without religious influence

Secularism

Traditional teaching led to the importance of emotion in Spiritual life. Didn't discriminate against low-caste women.

The Bhakti Movement.

A Hindu Mystic poet, think of Mr. Mira.

Mira Bai.

Victory Tower of the Muslims/ Islamic Influence. It towers over a mosque on top of a Hindu temple.

Qutab Minar

A Mississippian society was known for building large mounds to demonstrate status.

CAHOKIA

Women's family status determined Social Standing.

Matrilineal Society

Clay Houses, Cliff houses, that were multi-storied + Sandstone.

Chaco + Mesa Verde

Tithes to the King! Giving something to the ruler such as money, silk, agriculture, etc.

Tribute

When religious leaders rule.

Theocracy

He led small tribes to a full-fledged state. (4 provinces with its own separate government and bureaucratic system.

Pachacuti

People of the Sun.

Incas

an Irrigation system that captures and redirects rain/ saves water in droughts.

Waru Waru

Massive Roadway system

Carpa Nan

Mandatory public service between ages 15-60

Mit'a system or Milta system

Had a centralized governmnet around a city states .Women could rule when male heirs were not left. Wars were common among city states and one city state would often dominate + wars for tribute.

Mayans

Had a powerful king + Tribute system. Reigious systems were central and they displayed human scarfices for political power display. Men married multiple women to pay off tribute of cloth.

Aztecs

Pachacuti united city states to full fledged state , Apac, maintained conquered lands. Split into 4 provinces with own separate government.

Incas

He was familiar with Islamic law from Morocco

Shariah

7 states with no central authority.

Hausa Kingdoms

Storytellers in Africa

Griots

Network of trade routes across the Sahara desert.

Trans-saharan-Trade

Enslaved East Africans

Zanj

Sold Ivory, Gold, to muslim traders.

GHANA

Powerful trading society , SUNDIATA used his faith to spread.

MALI

Built Buildings called the zimbabwe, became most powerful.

ZIMBABWE

Christianity spread east coast of mediterranean sea of south egypt and Ethiopia (11 churches)

ETHIOPIA

Exchange of land for loyalty

Feudalism

Unwritten rules of honor, bravery, and courtesy

Chivalry

Crops rotated throughout three fields.

Three-Field System

First to develop real Bureaucracy

KIng Phillip II

Body of advisors for king from three estates.

Estates General

Religious controversy between religious leaders . Putting offices for the bishops rather than the pope.

Lay investiture

Descendents of Vikings

Normans

Lands

Fiefs

Estates

Manors

Peasants (another term)

Serfs

Document issued by nobles that forced the king to sign due to high tax rates. More rights

Magna Carta

Secluded christians that pray, but still contributed to the economy.

Monasitcisim

Series of Religious European Military expeditions/ campaigns. (1st was a success, 4th did not reach the holy land.)

Crusades

Eldest son had inherited the estate

Primogeniture

Described Customs of Mongols and made europe interested in Asia.

Marco Polo

Were moneylenders, Blamed for Lia, and discriminated.

Jews

Revival of Greek and Roman literature +civic virtues.

Renissance

Criticized corrupt religious leaders.

Dante Alighien

Plague that was spread by conquests and trade around the 1200-1450s

Bubonic Plague

Road that was used for trade across China, Mongolia, and Europe.

Silk Road.

King of trade, came from mongolia and were great with Horses and bloodthristy.

Mongols

Places/houses where traders would rest

Cavernersai

Good silk road stops

Kashgar and samarkand

European banks developed during the Middle Ages to aid trade.

Banking horses

Capital of Jin Empire that was conquered by Genghis Khan

Zhonghou

The conqueror who conquered the Jin empire, who named himself the universal ruler in China.

Genghis Khan

Golden Horde was created by a Grandson of Genghis Khan

Batu

Il-Khanate and conquered Islamic Abbasid Caliphates

Hulegu Khan

Established the Yuan Dynasty and was one of the Grandsons of Genghis Khan.

Kublai Khan

A society that overthrew the Yuan Dynasty which led to the Ming Dynasty.

White Lotus Society

A meeting held in 1206 for Genghis khan becoming ruler

Kultrai

Kingdoms by Khans

Khanates

Chinese Muslim Admiral that led 800 ships

Zheng He

CIty known for SPICES from southern India, trade made it very rich.

Calicut

Winds that were seasonal that traders used to maneuver by time blocks. (ACROSS THE INDIAN OCEAN TRADE)

Monsoon winds

Lateen sails, Stern Rudder, and Junk

Innovations from China

Forced fees on ships that crossed their territorial waters.

Melacca

Dominant Seafarers

Muslim persians and Arabs.

Center of Islamic Learning in MALI

Timbuktu

MALI currency

Cowrie shells, Gold, and cotton.

He led more fame to Mali and Mecca deepened his devotion to Islam

Mansa Musa Also Songhay became richer than Mali.

Buddhism+ Daoist Principles =

Chan Buddhism

Centre of Culture in China

Hangzhou

Present day TURKEY . (Bubonic plague and Crusades.)

Constantinople

Muslim scholar in Spain, North Africa, and Mali

Ibn Battuta

14 kids and made the first english autobiography

Margery Kempe

Indonesians were known for exporting:

Bananas

Overgrazing

Zimbabwe

Deforestation+ Soil erosion

Mayans

Who wasn't affected by the bubonic plague like crazy?

South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.