Unit 1-2 Flashcards
What were developed trade routes?
Silk Roads, Mediterranean Sea, Trans-Saharan, and the Indian Ocean Trade.
What happened to trade along these routes?
Long-distance trade conducted along the Silk Roads/Indian Ocean/Mediterranean Sea contributed to cross-cultural diffusion from merchants and travelers from other locations.
These trade routes also helped spread scientific/technological traditions and diseases like the bubonic plague.
Where else did trade expand to?
Trade expanded below the Sahara desert, along the East African “Swahili Coast”, and included the northern Europe.
What goods did East Asia trade?
East Asia traded silk, porcelain, pearls, and steel.
What goods did South Asia trade?
South Asia traded spices, cotton textiles, precious metals, and gems.
What goods did the Middle East trade?
The Middle East traded in pearls, carpets, and textiles.
What goods did Africa trade?
Africa traded in salt, gold, slaves, and exotic animals.
What goods did the Americas trade?
The Americas traded maize, jade, and gold.
Why did trade increase?
Trade increased in luxury goods during the Middle Ages because of improved caravan organization, navigational tool development, and new forms of credit and monetization.
What were some technological advances?
The compass that was made in the East Asia.
The astrolabe that was made in the Middle East.
Camel saddles that were made and improved in North Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
And Caravanserai’s that were in the Middle East, Central Asia, and North Africa.
Who were the Crusades?
The Crusades were Christians who fought in Christian “Holy Wars” lunched in 1095 C.E. by Pope Urban II in response from Muslim expansion and occupation of the Holy Land (Jerusalem).
The First crusade was successful but others were not. And ended around 1204 C.E.
The Crusades contributed to the interregional contact between Christian/Muslim merchants. And European interest in foreign goods grew.
Who were the Mongols?
The Mongols were a central Asian nomadic group that established the largest empire during the 13th century. The area under Mongol control stretched from China through the Middle East.
Some major Mongol rulers were Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, Hulego Khan, and Batu.
The Mongols built the largest empire because the Mongols mastered horsemenship, the most compound bow, and defined military strategies.
What is feudalism?
A economic and social system of Western Europe during the early Middle Ages where peasants (serfs) performed agricultural labor under the decentralized leadership of land-owners (lords).
Social status was determined by birth and women had little power.
During the 1st century, a military code of conduct called Chivalry focused on honor, modesty, loyalty, and duty which became the knights’ code of conduct.
What was manorialism?
The economic structure where lords ruled over a group of agricultural laborers called serfs.
When was China infected by the Black Death?
During the 1340s by trading vessels from Europe, which killed 25 million people and caused massive labor shortages.
