UNIT 1 Flashcards
1628: Discovered arteries and veins.
Provided understanding on blood circulation for blood transfusion.
william havey
In 1492, blood was taken from three young men and given
to the stricken Pope Innocent VII in the hope of curing him;
unfortunately, all four died.
● First recorded blood transfusion.
pope innocent VII
1656: Used improvised syringe using quill to access circulation and allow entry of infusions (wine, acids, saline, milk, water, etc.).
Allowed access to veins and arteries.
christopher wren
First who attempted blood transfusion: successful animal to animal transfusion (using dogs’ jugular arteries
connected by a quill).
● 1667: Also performed animal (sheep) to man
(Arthur Coga) transfusion.
● Proved that blood transfusion is possible
RICHARD LOWER
ANIMAL TO ANIMAL
Physician of King Louie the 4th.
First documented animal to man transfusion: “xeno
transfusion.
”
● Successfully transfused sheep blood into a 15 y/o
boy with long-standing fever.
● Caused a severe hemolysis and black urine.
Led to ban of transfusion by court and the Vatican
→ caused delays in blood bank development
JEAN BAPTISTE DENIS
ANIMAL TO MAN = XENO
First who successfully completed human to human blood
transfusion.
● Noted that blood should be fresh, not clotted.
● 50% survived, 50% died in his attempt.
● Led to studies and developments of
anticoagulants, blood storage and blood typing.
○ Anticoagulant / preservatives: to bank
the blood
JAMES BLUNDELL
HUMAN TO HUMAN
Recommended sodium phosphate as a nontoxic
anticoagulant
BRAXTON HICKS - SODIUM PHOSPHATE
1901: Discovered the ABO blood groups.
Explained the reactions that occur due to incompatible
transfusions.
KARL LANDSTEINER
Carried out vein-to-vein transfusion of blood by using
multiple syringes and a special cannula for puncturing the
vein through the skin
EDWARD E. LINDEMANN
VEIN TO VEIN
Designed his syringe-valve apparatus that transfusions
from donor to patient by an unassisted physician became
practical
unger
Reported the use of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant
solution for transfusions
HUSTIN - SODIUM CITRATE
Determined the minimum amount of citrate needed for
anticoagulation and demonstrated its nontoxicity in small
amounts
LEWISOHN
minimum amount of citrate
Introduced a citrate dextrose solution for the preservation
of blood.
○ Function of glucose in RBC metabolism was not
understood until the 1930s
ROUS AND TURNER
CITRATE DEXTROSE SOLN
Was appointed director of the first American Red Cross
blood bank at Presbyterian Hospital.
dr. charles drew
Introduced the formula for the preservative
acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD)
LOUTIT AND MOLLISON - ACD
Introduced an improved preservative solution called
citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)
GIBSON - CPD
A citizen seeking spiritual rebirth descended into a pit, or
fossa sanguinis.
taurobolium
Bathed in blood to resuscitate the sick and rejuvenate the
old.
egyptians
Direct blood transfusion using two silver cannulae
james aveling
anti a1 has lectin (plant extract from ______)
dolichos biflorus
