Unit 1 Flashcards
key terms only
Actual nursing focus
focus of nursing care that identifies existing health problems
case management
a systematic process to ensure that a clients health & service needs are met
critical pathways
standard plans of care used to organize and monitor the care provided
dependent nursing actions
nursing actions that the nurse performs as a result of a physicians orders, such as administering analgesics for pain
independent nursing actions
nursing actions that may be performed based on the nurses own clinical judgment
infant mortality rate
the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life, which includes neonatal mortality
interdependent nursing actions
nursing actions that the nurse must work with other health team members to accomplish, such as meal planning with a dietary therapist and teaching breathing exercises with a respiratory therapist
maternal mortality rate
the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births caused by a pregnancy-related complication that occurs during pregnancy or during the 42 days after pregnancy
morbidity
the number of persons afflicted with the same disease condition per a certain number
nursing process
proven form of problem solving based on the scientific method. The nursing process consists of fie components:assessment(data collection), nursing care focus (sometimes called nursing diagnosis), outcome identification and planning, implementation and evaluation
objective data
in the nursing assessment (data collection), the data gained by the nurses direct observation
outcomes
goals that are specific, stated in measurable terms, and have a time frame for accomplishment
puerperal fever
an illness marked by high fever caused by infection of the reproductive tract after the birth of a child
risk nursing focus
focus of nursing care that identifies health problems to which the client is especially vulnerable
subjective data
in the nursing assessment (data collection) data spoken by the child or family
wellness nursing focus
focus of nursing care that identifies the potential of an individual, family or community to move to a higher level of wellness
blended family
both partners in a marriage bring children from a previous marriage into the household
client advocacy
speaking or acting on behalf of clients
cohabitation family
a living situation in which a couple liver together but are not married
communal family
a family where there is a large group of various couples and children that can include singles and elderly members, and where members share responsibility for homemaking and child-rearing. All children are the collective responsibility of adult members.
community-based nursing
a type of nursing that focuses on prevention and is directed toward the individuals and families within a community and delivered outside the traditional hospital system.
couplet care
the healthy newborn remains in the same room with the mother following birth, if there is no medical indication for separation, and one nurse is responsible for the care of both the newborn and the mother.
cultural competency
the capacity to work effectively with people by integrating the elements of their culture into nursing care.
extended family
consists of one or more nuclear families plus other relatives; often crosses generations to include grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. The needs of individual members are subordinate to the needs of the group, and the children are considered an economic asset.
immediate family
family structure that consists of only the father, the mother, and the children living in one household.
primary prevention
health-promoting activities to prevent the development of illness or injury, includes giving information regarding safety, diet, rest, exercise, and disease prevention through immunizations; emphasizes the nursing roles of educator and client advocate.
secondary prevention
health-screening activities that aid in early diagnosis and encourage prompt treatment before long-term negative effects arise.
single-parent family
family that is headed by one adult and includes one or more children
socialization
process through which the child learns the rules of the society and culture in which the family lives including language, values, ethics, and acceptable behaviors.
stepfamily
consists of custodial parent, children, and a new spouse.
tertiary prevention
health-promoting activities that focus on rehabilitation and providing information to prevent further injury or illness.
cervix
a tubular structure that connects the vagina and uterus. The external os (opening) dips into the vagina, and the internal os opens into the uterine isthmus, the lower portion of the uterus.
corpus luteum
a yellow body that forms after ovulation from the remnants of the follicle.
endometrium
the vascular mucosal inner layer of walls of the corpus and fundus that changes under hormonal influence every month in preparation for possible pregnancy.
epididymis
an intricate network of coiled ducts on the posterior portion of each testis that is approximately 6 m (20 ft) in length.
fallopian tubes
are tiny, muscular corridors that arise from the superior surface of the uterus near the fundus and extend laterally on either side toward the ovaries.
gametes
sex cells
menarche
the first menstrual period signifying the beginning of menstruation.
menopause
the time in a woman’s life when reproductive capability ends.
menstrual cycle
or the female reproductive cycle, refers to the recurring changes that take place in a woman’s reproductive tract associated with menstruation and the events that surround menstruation.
menstruation
the casting away of blood, tissue, and debris from the uterus as the inner lining sheds.
myometrium
the muscular middle layer of the walls of the corpus and fundus of the uterus that is responsible for the contractions of labor.
ovaries
glands located on either side of the uterus.
ovulation
the process through which the ovaries release the mature ovum into the abdominal cavity, which occurs on day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
perimenopause
the time before menopause when vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats) and irregular menses begin, also known as the climacteric.
perineum
a band of fibrous, muscular tissue that extends from the posterior portion of the labia majora to the anus.
prepuce
or foreskin; a layer of tissue that covers the glans of the penis.
seminiferous tubules
tiny coils of tissue in the lobes of the testis in which spermatogenesis occurs.
spermatogenesis
production of sperm.
uterus
(or womb) a hollow, pear-shaped, muscular structure located within the pelvic cavity between the bladder and the rectum.
vagina
(or birth canal) a muscular tube that leads from the vulva to the uterus.
vas deferens
the muscular tube in which sperm begin their journey out of the man’s body.
abstinence
(as related to birth control) refraining from vaginal sexual intercourse.
amenorrhea
absence of menstruation
coitus interruptus
or withdrawal; requires the man to pull the penis out of the vagina before ejaculation to avoid depositing sperm in or near the vagina.
dysmenorrhea
painful or difficult menses.
dyspareunia
painful intercourse.
endometriosis
a painful reproductive disorder in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus, usually in the pelvic cavity.
gestational surrogate
or surrogate mother; a woman who donates the use of her uterus; she may also donate her ovum and agree to be inseminated with the male partner’s sperm.
induced abortion
the purposeful interruption of pregnancy before 20 weeks’ gestation.
infertility
the inability to conceive after a year or more of regular and unprotected intercourse, or the inability to carry a pregnancy to term.
menorrhagia
heavy or prolonged uterine bleeding.
metrorrhagia
menstrual bleeding that is normal in amount but occurs at irregular intervals between menstrual periods.
perimenopause
the time before menopause when vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats) and irregular menses begin, also known as the climacteric.
postcoital test
evaluates the interaction of the man’s sperm with the woman’s cervical mucus.
spontaneous abortion
loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation, which in lay terms is often called a miscarriage. It is referred to as early pregnancy loss.
