Unit 1

Question 1

Scientific Method

Answer 1

a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypothesis, and formulating theories that are supported by data.

Question 2

Aspects of The Scientific Method

Answer 2

Make an Observation
Formulate a Hypothesis
Test the Hypothesis
Theorize the Results
Publish the Results

Question 3

Qualitative

Answer 3

data that consists of descriptive information.

Question 4

Quantitative

Answer 4

data that consists of numerical information.

Question 5

System

Answer 5

a specific portion of material in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation.

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

a testable statement, if-then statement

Question 7

Control

Answer 7

an experimental condition that is held constant.

Question 8

Variable

Answer 8

an experimental condition that is changed.

Question 9

Independent Variable

Answer 9

a variable that is changed during the experiment to manipulate the outcome.

Question 10

Dependent Variable

Answer 10

the resulting variable that gets affected because of a change during the experiment.

Question 11

Model

Answer 11

a physical object or a form of explanation that discusses how phenomena occur and how data and events are related.

Question 12

Phenomena

Answer 12

situations that are observed to exist or happen.

Question 13

Theory

Answer 13

a broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena. Theories are highly supported by scientific evidence, but not considered to be 100% true. This is because there is room for improvement.

Question 14

Law

Answer 14

a statement based on repeated experiments and observations that allow us to describe or predict phenomena. Laws are so highly supported by scientific evidence, they are considered to be 100% true

Question 15

Quantity

Answer 15

something that has magnitude, size, or amount.

Question 16

Metric System

Answer 16

a system that uses a base-10 ideology in order to measure materials using basic units such as meters (length), grams (mass), and liters (volume).

Question 17

Mass

Answer 17

a measure on the amount of matter an object contains disregarding the shape of the object. Mass does not depend on location.

Question 18

Weight

Answer 18

a measure on the gravitational pull of some type of matter. Weight usually depends on location.

Question 19

Derived Unit

Answer 19

a unit that involves the combination of S.I. Base Units.

Question 20

Significant Figures

Answer 20

all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated.

Question 21

Analog equipment

Answer 21

DO NOT use electronics to present information

Question 22

Digital equipment

Answer 22

DO use electronics to present information

Question 23

Meniscus

Answer 23

the curved surface of the liquid where an initial measurement should be made

Question 24

Captive Zeros

Answer 24

zeros appearing between nonzero digits are significant
40.7 has 3 sig figs

Question 25

Leading Zeros

Answer 25

zeros appearing in front of all nonzero digits are not significant
0.095897 has 5 sig figs

Question 26

Trailing Zeros

Answer 26

zeros at the end of a number and to the right of a decimal point are significant
85.00 has 4 sig figs
2000 has 1 sig fig
2000.0 has 4 sig figs

Question 27

Accuracy

Answer 27

the closeness of a measured value to the actual value.

Question 28

PrecisiOn

Answer 28

the closeness of a measured value to the Other measured values.

Question 29

Uncertainty of Measurement

Answer 29

the doubt that exists about the result of any measurement; questioning its accuracy and precision.

Question 30

Percent Error

Answer 30

the approximation error in a data value that is the discrepancy between an exact value and some approximation to it.

Question 31

Expected Value

Answer 31

a value or amount that is expected to obtain based on known data. (also known as actual value)

Question 32

Measured Value

Answer 32

a value or amount that is created or obtained from an experiment or test. (also known as experimental value)

Question 33

Dimensional Analysis

Answer 33

a mathematical technique that allows one to use units to solve problems involving measurements.

Question 34

Conversion Factor

Answer 34

a ratio derived from the equality between two different units of the same quantity that can be used to convert from one unit to the next.

Question 35

Scientific Notation

Answer 35

a way that scientists express numbers that are larger than 1000 or smaller than 0.001; ones that are VERY large or VERY small.
M * 10^n
M has one nonzero digit to the left of the decimal