Unit 1

Question 1

What were the two main political parties in South Africa in 1938?

Answer 1

The United Party and the National Party

Question 2

What decision did the United Party make in 1939 regarding WW2?

Answer 2

To support Britain in WW2

Question 3

What led to Afrikaners feeling betrayed by the United Party?

Answer 3

The United Party’s support for Britain in WW2

Question 4

Who won the 1948 elections in South Africa?

Answer 4

Malans National Party

Question 5

What were the three factors that caused the growth of Afrikaner nationalism?

Answer 5

• The Broederbund
• Religious institutes
• The Ossewabrandwag

Question 6

What was the Broederbund?

Answer 6

A group of White Male Afrikaner Christians promoting Afrikaner nationalism

Question 7

What event did the Broederbund organize to commemorate the Great Trek?

Answer 7

A centenary celebration with 100,000 participants

Question 8

What political stance did the Ossewabrandwag support?

Answer 8

Nazi Germany and had fascist sympathies

Question 9

How many members did the Ossewabrandwag have?

Answer 9

Over 300,000 members

Question 10

What did the Dutch Reformed Church promote regarding racial roles?

Answer 10

That black and white people play different roles in God’s plan

Question 11

What was Smuts’ political approach described as?

Answer 11

Pragmatist

Question 12

What did the Fagan report propose?

Answer 12

Allowing black people and migrants more rights and reducing exploitation

Question 13

What was the focus of the Sauer report?

Answer 13

Bringing in laws for segregation and reducing rights for non-whites

Question 14

What hardships were Smuts and his cabinet blamed for during WW2?

Answer 14

Shortages of bread and petrol

Question 15

What was one of the actions taken by Smuts’ cabinet regarding Britain?

Answer 15

Provided a loan of 4 million ounces of gold

Question 16

What was the main aim of apartheid?

Answer 16

Segregation and protection of white interests

Question 17

What did the Population Registration Acts do?

Answer 17

Grouped every South African into a particular race

Question 18

What was the Immorality Act?

Answer 18

A crime for any sexual act between a white person and a person of any other race

Question 19

How many prosecutions occurred under the Immorality Act between 1950 and 1985?

Answer 19

24,000 prosecutions

Question 20

What did the Group Areas Act do?

Answer 20

Divided South Africa into different race areas

Question 21

What were Forced Removals?

Answer 21

Government actions to remove people from homes in the wrong areas

Question 22

What were the Pass Laws designed to control?

Answer 22

Black people’s movement (influx control)

Question 23

What was the Dompas?

Answer 23

A passbook containing personal information for black individuals

Question 24

What did the Separate Amenities Act enforce?

Answer 24

Forced segregation in public areas

Question 25

What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act?

Answer 25

To prevent Africans from receiving an education that would lead to aspirations beyond their societal roles

Question 26

What was the spending disparity on education between white and black children?

Answer 26

R644 for a white child’s education vs. R41 for a black child’s education

Question 27

What did the ANC plan in response to the Bantu Education Act?

Answer 27

An indefinite boycott of government schools

Question 28

Who became the president of the ANC in 1952?

Answer 28

Albert Luthuli

Question 29

What was the goal of the Defiance Campaign organized in 1952?

Answer 29

Mass action against six unjust laws

Question 30

Who were appointed as volunteer chiefs during the Defiance Campaign?

Answer 30

Nelson Mandela and Yusref Cachali

Question 31

Where did most arrests during the Defiance Campaign take place?

Answer 31

Port Elizabeth and East London

Question 32

What was the result of the changes in the Defiance Campaign’s nature?

Answer 32

Public gatherings were banned by the minister of Justice

Question 33

In 1943 women were allowed to join the ANC when was the ANC women’s league founded ?

Answer 33

1948

Question 34

In 1943 women were allowed to join the ANC when was the ANC women’s league founded ?

Answer 34

1948

Question 35

In 1955 a protest was organised against the extension of pass laws to women who led the march ?

Answer 35

Lilian Ngoyi, Helen Joseph, Sophia De-Bruyn

Question 36

When 20,000 women marched on union buildings how successful were they ?

Answer 36

Not successful pass laws were not repeals however it united women of all races

Question 37

What was the congress alliance

Answer 37

Executives of the ANC, SA Indian congress, SA congress of trade unions in an alliance that was an anti apartheid

Question 38

What was the congress of the people campaign

Answer 38

A charter listing there core political beliefs (freedom charter)

Question 39

What was seperate development

Answer 39

Was were the white government told the rest of the world that SA was a democracy and everyone had the right to vote for their own polictical leaders in the homelands

Question 40

What did the Bantu authority act do

Answer 40

Establish black homelands with the aim of creating greater self government

Question 41

What did the government hope to achieve with seperate development

Answer 41

Segregation, present democracy, remove black people from the political system

Question 42

What was the Tomlinson report that was published in 1956

Answer 42

A commission appointed to Prof F.R Tomlinson to understand how to develop the homelands which stated a need for investment, plot lands and funding for industry

Question 43

Why was the report rejected

Answer 43

They believed white SA’s would not support expenditure and didn’t want competition with white buissness