Unit 1

Question 1

prehistory

Answer 1

history prior to writing

Question 2

Australopithecus

Answer 2

-Lived in Africa 4 million years ago
-plant based diet
-small brain but large jaw
-could walk upright
-long, strong arms for climbing trees

Question 3

Homo Habilis

Answer 3

-Emerged 2.5-1.6 million years ago
-Used stone tools
-Omnivore
-slightly larger brain than Australopithecus

Question 4

Homo Erectus

Answer 4

-ability to walk/run long distances
-large brains
-nomadic
-Diet of mainly meat
-started to control fire

Question 5

Neanderthal

Answer 5

-mastery of fire/weaponry
-lived in shelters
-made/wore clothing
-buried their dead
-

Question 6

Paleolithic Period

Answer 6

-2,500,000 BC to 10,000 BC
-usage of stone tools and flint
-hunters and gatherers
-lived in small groups of 20-30
-nomads
-equal leadership between men and women

Question 7

Neolithic Period

Answer 7

-around 10,000 BC
-intro of agriculture
-transition from nomadic to settled life

Question 8

Mesopotamia

Answer 8

-Means between 2 rivers
-500-1750 BC
-independent cities with shared culture

Question 9

Ziggurat

Answer 9

a temple for a city’s patron God

Question 10

Cuneiform

Answer 10

-First seen example of writing
-3000 BC
-reed stylus used to make impressions on clay tablets
-used for record keeping

Question 11

Epic of Gilgamesh

Answer 11

-One of the first examples of writing
-parallels to Noah’s arc
-religion based story

Question 12

Sumer

Answer 12

-farmed via usage of river flooding
-city made of mud bricks
-social hierachy
-usage of boats/trade network
-economy mainly farming based
-domesticated animals
-barley and silver as currency
-regional trade of wood, stone,etc
-invented wheel

Question 13

Empire

Answer 13

An empire has 1 ruler over a collection of cities and controls them via a military.

Question 14

Babylon

Answer 14

-Mesopotamian city North of Sumer
-Same religion
-different language

Question 15

Hammurabi’s code

Answer 15

-list of 282 laws
-tool to unify growing empire
-allowed everyone to know the rules
-punishment for crime so the strong might not injure the weak

Question 16

Pharaoh

Answer 16

-Considered both king and god
-theocracy
-absolute ruler
-oversaw religious ceremonies
-enacted law and military
-collected tax
-mantained Ma’at

Question 17

bureaucracy

Answer 17

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Question 18

book of the dead

Answer 18

-helped you reach immortality
-could be customized according to what you think you’ll need in the afterlife

Question 19

Hieroglyphics

Answer 19

-Written language of Hieratic
-system of pictorial writing

Question 20

Theocracy

Answer 20

Ruler is divinely guided

Question 21

Egyptian Gods

Answer 21

-Sun god Ra
-Osiris lord of the dead
-Isis helped the dead enter the after life
-Anubis was the god of mummification

Question 22

Khufu

Answer 22

-grew up in father’s shadow
-wanted to outdo Sheferu
-symbol of political and economic control
-chose an easy to see and unused area to build the largest pyramid
-known for building the pyramids

Question 23

papyrus

Answer 23

-reeds near the Nile used to make paper

Question 24

Ma’at

Answer 24

-mantained by pharaoh
-order, justice, and balance in the land

Question 25

mummification

Answer 25

-key practice
-tombs built to ensure safe journey to afterlife
-all organs but heart removed
-essential oils+wrapped
-heart scarab amulet so you could lie to the Assesors
-Book of the dead
-Shabti doll
-Feather of the truth weighed against your heart in Anubis’s final test

Question 26

Great pyramid of Giza

Answer 26

-zenith of Egyptian kingship
-took 2 decades to build
-working conditions were poor
-sense of team
-divine kingship=purpose

Question 27

Assyrian Empire

Answer 27

-known for cruelty
-after late Bronze Age collapse
-911-609 bc
-led military campaigns across Mesopotamia
-mastered siege warfare

Question 28

Siege warfare

Answer 28

-mastered by Assyrian empire
-used to fare against defensive walls
-tanks, arrows, chariots, and battering rams

Question 29

Late Bronze Age collapse

Answer 29

-1200-1150 bc
-sudden and violent end to most Bronze Age civilizations
-Iron Age begins in aftermath
-potential causes: invasions, economic disruption, and natural disasters

Question 30

Ashurbanipal

Answer 30

-ruled 669-631 bc
-last great Assyrian king
-conquered Egypt
-Patron of art and literature
-established a famous library with tombs from ancient Mesopotamia

Question 31

Persian Empire

Answer 31

-559-331 BC
-built on foundation of Assyrian Empire
-founded by Cyrus the great
-known for unification and government

Question 32

Cyrus the Great

Answer 32

-conquered the neo-babylonian empire
-allowed Babylons to keep their culture and religion

Question 33

Satrapy

Answer 33

Persian name for divided territories in place of a word like province

Question 34

Royal Road

Answer 34

-Road with constant horsemen going through it
-could easily deliver message to King

Question 35

Zoroastrianism

Answer 35

-founded by prophet Zoroaster (1000-600 bc)
-supreme god of good- Ahura Mazda
-ongoing struggle of good and evil
-free will to pick a side
-afterlife had final judgement

Question 36

Isrealites

Answer 36

-known primarily for religious influence
-God=yhwh
-world’s first montheistic religion
-origins of three major religion
-Hebrew bible
-only Yahweh was a real God
-God made a covenant with them
-belief in prophets

Question 37

Monotheism

Answer 37

belief in only one God

Question 38

Exodus

Answer 38

The exit of Isrealites from slavery and entry to Canaan

Question 39

Jerusalem

Answer 39

Capital of Israel

Question 40

Babylonian exile

Answer 40

-Forced relocation of Israelites by Babylonian empire
-Israelites held onto their religion