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World History Honors > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

prehistory

A

history prior to writing

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2
Q

Australopithecus

A

-Lived in Africa 4 million years ago
-plant based diet
-small brain but large jaw
-could walk upright
-long, strong arms for climbing trees

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3
Q

Homo Habilis

A

-Emerged 2.5-1.6 million years ago
-Used stone tools
-Omnivore
-slightly larger brain than Australopithecus

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4
Q

Homo Erectus

A

-ability to walk/run long distances
-large brains
-nomadic
-Diet of mainly meat
-started to control fire

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5
Q

Neanderthal

A

-mastery of fire/weaponry
-lived in shelters
-made/wore clothing
-buried their dead
-

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6
Q

Paleolithic Period

A

-2,500,000 BC to 10,000 BC
-usage of stone tools and flint
-hunters and gatherers
-lived in small groups of 20-30
-nomads
-equal leadership between men and women

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7
Q

Neolithic Period

A

-around 10,000 BC
-intro of agriculture
-transition from nomadic to settled life

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8
Q

Mesopotamia

A

-Means between 2 rivers
-500-1750 BC
-independent cities with shared culture

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9
Q

Ziggurat

A

a temple for a city’s patron God

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10
Q

Cuneiform

A

-First seen example of writing
-3000 BC
-reed stylus used to make impressions on clay tablets
-used for record keeping

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11
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

-One of the first examples of writing
-parallels to Noah’s arc
-religion based story

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12
Q

Sumer

A

-farmed via usage of river flooding
-city made of mud bricks
-social hierachy
-usage of boats/trade network
-economy mainly farming based
-domesticated animals
-barley and silver as currency
-regional trade of wood, stone,etc
-invented wheel

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13
Q

Empire

A

An empire has 1 ruler over a collection of cities and controls them via a military.

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14
Q

Babylon

A

-Mesopotamian city North of Sumer
-Same religion
-different language

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15
Q

Hammurabi’s code

A

-list of 282 laws
-tool to unify growing empire
-allowed everyone to know the rules
-punishment for crime so the strong might not injure the weak

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16
Q

Pharaoh

A

-Considered both king and god
-theocracy
-absolute ruler
-oversaw religious ceremonies
-enacted law and military
-collected tax
-mantained Ma’at

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17
Q

bureaucracy

A

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

18
Q

book of the dead

A

-helped you reach immortality
-could be customized according to what you think you’ll need in the afterlife

19
Q

Hieroglyphics

A

-Written language of Hieratic
-system of pictorial writing

20
Q

Theocracy

A

Ruler is divinely guided

21
Q

Egyptian Gods

A

-Sun god Ra
-Osiris lord of the dead
-Isis helped the dead enter the after life
-Anubis was the god of mummification

22
Q

Khufu

A

-grew up in father’s shadow
-wanted to outdo Sheferu
-symbol of political and economic control
-chose an easy to see and unused area to build the largest pyramid
-known for building the pyramids

23
Q

papyrus

A

-reeds near the Nile used to make paper

24
Q

Ma’at

A

-mantained by pharaoh
-order, justice, and balance in the land

25
Q

mummification

A

-key practice
-tombs built to ensure safe journey to afterlife
-all organs but heart removed
-essential oils+wrapped
-heart scarab amulet so you could lie to the Assesors
-Book of the dead
-Shabti doll
-Feather of the truth weighed against your heart in Anubis’s final test

26
Q

Great pyramid of Giza

A

-zenith of Egyptian kingship
-took 2 decades to build
-working conditions were poor
-sense of team
-divine kingship=purpose

27
Q

Assyrian Empire

A

-known for cruelty
-after late Bronze Age collapse
-911-609 bc
-led military campaigns across Mesopotamia
-mastered siege warfare

28
Q

Siege warfare

A

-mastered by Assyrian empire
-used to fare against defensive walls
-tanks, arrows, chariots, and battering rams

29
Q

Late Bronze Age collapse

A

-1200-1150 bc
-sudden and violent end to most Bronze Age civilizations
-Iron Age begins in aftermath
-potential causes: invasions, economic disruption, and natural disasters

30
Q

Ashurbanipal

A

-ruled 669-631 bc
-last great Assyrian king
-conquered Egypt
-Patron of art and literature
-established a famous library with tombs from ancient Mesopotamia

31
Q

Persian Empire

A

-559-331 BC
-built on foundation of Assyrian Empire
-founded by Cyrus the great
-known for unification and government

32
Q

Cyrus the Great

A

-conquered the neo-babylonian empire
-allowed Babylons to keep their culture and religion

33
Q

Satrapy

A

Persian name for divided territories in place of a word like province

34
Q

Royal Road

A

-Road with constant horsemen going through it
-could easily deliver message to King

35
Q

Zoroastrianism

A

-founded by prophet Zoroaster (1000-600 bc)
-supreme god of good- Ahura Mazda
-ongoing struggle of good and evil
-free will to pick a side
-afterlife had final judgement

36
Q

Isrealites

A

-known primarily for religious influence
-God=yhwh
-world’s first montheistic religion
-origins of three major religion
-Hebrew bible
-only Yahweh was a real God
-God made a covenant with them
-belief in prophets

37
Q

Monotheism

A

belief in only one God

38
Q

Exodus

A

The exit of Isrealites from slavery and entry to Canaan

39
Q

Jerusalem

A

Capital of Israel

40
Q

Babylonian exile

A

-Forced relocation of Israelites by Babylonian empire
-Israelites held onto their religion

World History Honors (3 decks)

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