Unit 1

Question 1

He predicted that Chemical Analysis of Body Fluids altered by disease would play an increasingly important role in the investigation of pathogenesis

Answer 1

Gabriel Andral

Question 2

He described the application of chemistry to pathology and therapeutics as being of the greatest importance to the medical practitioner

Answer 2

Alfred B. Garrod (1848)

Question 3

He stressed the practical diagnostic value of chemistry

Answer 3

Henry Bence Jones (1850)

Question 4

He did not believe that chemical studies were relevant to clinical medicine

Answer 4

Armand Trousseau

Question 5

He advised those entering medicine not to lose time “in acquiring too extensive a knowledge of chemistry”

Answer 5

Armand Trousseau

Question 6

He wrote the first book in English to carry the title “Clinical Chemistry”

Answer 6

Charles Henry Ralfe (1883)

Question 7

He developed quantitative analytical methods and early blood tests (creatinine= Jaffe method).

Answer 7

Otto Knut Folin

Question 8

Helped establish the clinical significance of renal function and metabolic tests

Answer 8

Otto Knut Folin

Question 9

Published the first reference ranges for Uric Acid, NPN, and protein in blood

Answer 9

Otto Knut Folin

Question 10

Helped develop methods for testing glucose and total protein in body fluids

Answer 10

Otto Knut Folin

Question 11

Developed the volumetric gas measuring apparatus for determining CO2 concentration

Answer 11

Donald Dexted Van Slyke (1917)

Question 12

An apparatus used for determining CO2 concentration

Answer 12

Volumetric Gas Measuring Apparatus

Question 13

The first instrument designed specifically for the clinical chemistry laboratory

Answer 13

Volumetric Gas Measuring Apparatus

Question 14

The most common problem cited by doctors in 1932

Answer 14

Large number of unintelligent use of laboratory tests ordered in hospitals

Question 15

Van Slyke characterized him as “the complete clinical chemist” in 1958

Answer 15

Ivar Charles Christian Bang

Question 16

Biologically important substances in the body fluids, the one being measured

Answer 16

Analyte

Question 17

Common Analytes being measured in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory

Answer 17

Ions, salts and minerals, small organic molecules, and large macromolecules

Question 18

Ions, salts, and minerals

Answer 18

(PCCSMP)
- Potassium
- Calcium
- Chloride
- Sodium
- Magnesium
- Phosphorous

Question 19

Small Organic molecules

Answer 19

(GCULBCT)
- Glucose
- Cholesterol
- Urea
- Lactic acid
- Bilirubin
- Creatinine
- Triglycerides

Question 20

Large Macromolecules

Answer 20

(A5H2LT)
- Albumin
- Amylase
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
- Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP)
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Total Protein

Question 21

Most common biological fluid collected for clinical laboratory testing

Answer 21

Blood

Question 22

Supernatant of anticoagulated blood, not clotted, has clotting factors

Answer 22

Plasma

Question 23

Supernatant of Clotted blood, no clotting factors

Answer 23

Serum

Question 24

Tube of choice for serum

Answer 24

Red and Yellow with gel separator

Question 25

The process by which blood changes from a liquid to gel.

Answer 25

Coagulation

Question 26

Usual values for a healthy population, also known as the normal range

Answer 26

Reference Interval

Question 27

Reference ranges vary by:

Answer 27

Age and Sex

Question 28

Importance of Laboratory Exams in Clinical Chemistry

Answer 28

• confirm or establish diagnosis
• rule out or rule in a certain disease
• monitor therapy
• establish prognosis