Unit 1 Flashcards
He predicted that Chemical Analysis of Body Fluids altered by disease would play an increasingly important role in the investigation of pathogenesis
Gabriel Andral
He described the application of chemistry to pathology and therapeutics as being of the greatest importance to the medical practitioner
Alfred B. Garrod (1848)
He stressed the practical diagnostic value of chemistry
Henry Bence Jones (1850)
He did not believe that chemical studies were relevant to clinical medicine
Armand Trousseau
He advised those entering medicine not to lose time “in acquiring too extensive a knowledge of chemistry”
Armand Trousseau
He wrote the first book in English to carry the title “Clinical Chemistry”
Charles Henry Ralfe (1883)
He developed quantitative analytical methods and early blood tests (creatinine= Jaffe method).
Otto Knut Folin
Helped establish the clinical significance of renal function and metabolic tests
Otto Knut Folin
Published the first reference ranges for Uric Acid, NPN, and protein in blood
Otto Knut Folin
Helped develop methods for testing glucose and total protein in body fluids
Otto Knut Folin
Developed the volumetric gas measuring apparatus for determining CO2 concentration
Donald Dexted Van Slyke (1917)
An apparatus used for determining CO2 concentration
Volumetric Gas Measuring Apparatus
The first instrument designed specifically for the clinical chemistry laboratory
Volumetric Gas Measuring Apparatus
The most common problem cited by doctors in 1932
Large number of unintelligent use of laboratory tests ordered in hospitals
Van Slyke characterized him as “the complete clinical chemist” in 1958
Ivar Charles Christian Bang
Biologically important substances in the body fluids, the one being measured
Analyte
Common Analytes being measured in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory
Ions, salts and minerals, small organic molecules, and large macromolecules
Ions, salts, and minerals
(PCCSMP)
- Potassium
- Calcium
- Chloride
- Sodium
- Magnesium
- Phosphorous
Small Organic molecules
(GCULBCT)
- Glucose
- Cholesterol
- Urea
- Lactic acid
- Bilirubin
- Creatinine
- Triglycerides
Large Macromolecules
(A5H2LT)
- Albumin
- Amylase
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
- Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP)
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Total Protein
Most common biological fluid collected for clinical laboratory testing
Blood
Supernatant of anticoagulated blood, not clotted, has clotting factors
Plasma
Supernatant of Clotted blood, no clotting factors
Serum
Tube of choice for serum
Red and Yellow with gel separator
The process by which blood changes from a liquid to gel.
Coagulation
Usual values for a healthy population, also known as the normal range
Reference Interval
Reference ranges vary by:
Age and Sex
Importance of Laboratory Exams in Clinical Chemistry
- confirm or establish diagnosis
- rule out or rule in a certain disease
- monitor therapy
- establish prognosis
