Unit 1 Flashcards
Who was Bartolome De Las Casas?
Spanish Priest who fought for equal treatment of Indians
What was the Encomienda System?
System Spain used to enslave Indians, similar to African Slavery
Describe Maize (corn) and its influence on the Native Americans
Food Source, Supported Complex Societies, Fostered Trade Networks, Spiritual Importance
Tenochtitlan
Capital of Aztec Empire
Hernan Cortes
Spanish Conquistador who overthrew Aztec Empire
Great Leauge of Peace
5 Iroquois Tribes that came together to provide stability, dealings with outsiders
Caravel
Ship Capable of Long Distance Travel
Reconquista
“Reconquest” of Spain from ‘moors’ (African Muslims)
What are the differences between the encomienda system and slave labor in the Spanish colonies?
Columbian Exchange
Two-Way Exchange between Americas and Europe
What was brought to the OLD World?
Corn, Tobacco, Cotton, Potatoes
What was brought to the NEW World?
Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane, Horses, Sheep
What was the most devastating effect of the Columbian Exchange on Native American Societies?
Disease
Creoles
People born in the colonies of European Ancestry
Haciendas
Large-scale farms controlled by Spanish landowners
Ninety-Five These
Written by Spanish priest (Martin Luther) and accused the Catholic church of corruption
Mestizos
People of Mixed Origin
Describe the type of social relations found in Spanish colonies
Caste System, Valued Catholicism
Who was Bartolome De Las Casas?
Dominican Priest who denounced Spain for the deaths of millions of Indians, “nothing more esteemed than freedom”
Repartimiento System
(CAME AFTER ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM!!!)
A system where Indians remained legally free, but still performed labor.
The Black Legend
Image of Spain as a brutal colonizer
Pueblo Revolt
Successful Native Revolt towards Spain in Santa Fe
Borderland
A meeting place of people with no true geographical borders
3G’s
Gold, Glory, God
What were the effects of the Encomienda System?
FOR SPAIN: Gained more land, more free labor
FOR NATIVES: Lost land, forced to labot
What were the causes of the Encomienda System?
To provide an incentive for conquistadores to conquer new territories with free labor
Indentured Servants
Slaves who signed a contract to work off debt owed
