Unit 1 Flashcards
Millions of years ago the continents existed together in one single supercontinent called ________.
Pangaea.
(Pen–jee–ah)
______ is a type of movement where a part of one plate slips beneath the other plate.
Convergent.
______ is a type of movement where the plates move away from each other.
Divergent.
What type of movement that makes plates slide against each other, leading to friction, causing earthquakes and even tsunamis in oceans.
Transformational.
Flora and Fauna.
Sea plants and animals.
The measure of dissolved salts in water
Salinity.
The layer where there is a marked increase in the density is called _____.
Pycnocline.
Pik–nock–line
_______ is a layer where there is marked change in the salinity of ocean water.
Halocline.
A process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface.
Upwelling.
A process that occurs when surface waters converge (come together), pushing the surface water downwards.
Downwelling.
Millions of years ago, the continents existed together in one single supercontinent called
__________.
Pangaea.
The _______ is the region of the Earth system occupied by water present in oceans, lakes, and rivers.
Hydrosphere.
The _______ is Earth’s crust, the thin layer of soil and rocks that form both the land and the sea floor.
Lithosphere.
The _________ is the region of Earth occupied by living things such as plants, animals, and fungi.
Biosphere.
Therefore, the process by which an element transforms is termed _____________.
biogeochemical
____________ involve the movement of an element between the lithosphere and the hydrosphere.
Sedimentary cycles.
__________ include the movement of elements through the atmosphere as well.
Gaseous cycles.
What are autotrophs.
They are organisms that produce their own food.
________ is the study fishes; study of the anatomy of a fish species.
Ichthyology.
______________ is the term for the field of study of the health of the oceans; impact of a surfing tourist destination on marine life.
Environmental marine biology.
What subfield of marine biology deals with the study of the organisms at the bottom of the ocean?
Deep-sea ecology.
What field is the study of the small group of marine creatures that are mammals?
Marine mammalogy.
__________ is the study of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and algae.
Marine microbiology.
What is the study of all aspects of the ocean?
Oceanography.
__________focuses on studying physical aspects of seawater, such as its temperature, pressure, and movements (waves, currents, and tides).
Physical oceanography.
__________ deals with the chemical composition of seawater and the chemical interactions that occur during processes such as the biogeochemical cycles.
Chemical oceanography.
The study of the topography of the ocean basins, their composition, and how they were formed is the focus of __________.
Geological oceanography.
________ is the study of the living organisms in the ocean.
Biological oceanography.
A ________ will study the phytoplankton species itself to understand its physiology, lifecycle, distribution, and so on.
Marine biologist.
he variable that investigators manipulate to determine whether it influences some other phenomenon is called the ________ variable.
Independent.
The ______ variable is the response that the investigator measures, such as the number of fish that die during the study.
Dependent.
The layer where there is a marked increase in the density is called ___________.
Pycnocline.
The ____________ is a layer where there is marked change in the salinity of ocean water.
Halocline.
What is responsible for ocean currents, determines weather conditions, and determines the direction and temperature of sea breezes blowing over to the coastal lands?
SST sea surface temperature.
