Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

US history and geography > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

How did the federal government facilitate Americans’ westward migration in the mid-nineteenth century?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did the Reconstruction period impact the United States socially, politically and economically?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What were some of the key challenges that Americans faced due to urbanization and what were some of the possible solutions to those challenges?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did the process of “Americanization” apply to American Indians in the nineteenth century?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson and its long term impact?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How did the election of 1876 impact the social and political future of the United States?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How did the rise of big business influence the United States socially and economically?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How did the inventions of the late nineteenth century change everyday American life?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What types of discrimination and anti-immigration legislation did immigrants face in the late nineteenth century?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Homestead Act

A

Free land up to 160 acres. Applicant must improve the land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bonanza Farms

A

Huge one crop farms, usually located close to the railroad.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Transcontinental Railroad

A

completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California’s railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

the belief that it was the right of the US to occupy all of America from sea to shining sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Americanization

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Assimilation

A

blending other cultures into American society.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reservations

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dawes Act

A

passed in 1887, intended to “Americanize” Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual ownership and encourage farming.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carlisle Indian School

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Exodusters

A

freed slaves moving west – post reconstruction for an economic opportunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Radical Republicans

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Buffalo Soldiers

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reconstruction

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished involuntary servitude (slavery) - December 6, 1865

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

14th Amendment

A

The amendment requires states to provide equal protection under the law to all persons – July 9, 1868

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

15th Amendment

A

prohibits each government in the United States to prevent a citizen from voting based on that citizen’s race, color, or previous condition of servitude – February 3, 1870

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

-Keep African-Americans from voting
-Torture “carpetbaggers” (Northerners) to leave the south
-Used violence to scare victims (Lynching)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

impeachment

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Compromise of 1877 (Corrupt Bargain)

A

-The Republican Hayes was named President
-Hayes agreed to end the Military Occupation of the South
-Officially ended the Reconstruction Era

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

“Separate but Equal”

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Black Codes

A
  • efforts to restrict AA lives
  • could not carry weapons, testify against white people, serve on juries, Marry whites, travel without permits
  • couldn’t own land (some states)
    -Johnson vetoed Freedman’s Bureau Act, and the Civil Rights Act
    -This infuriated many Republicans, and former slaves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Disenfranchisement

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Talented 10th

A
25
Q

NAACP

A
25
Q

Interstate Commerce Commission

A

(ICC) monitors the business operation of carriers transporting goods and people between states, created to regulate railroad prices

26
Q

Robber Barons

A

-negative nickname given to millionaires
-Stole from Public
-Drained Natural resources
-Drove out competition
-Poor working conditions

27
Q

Captains of Industry

A

-positive nickname given to millionaires
-Increased supply of goods
-Provided jobs
-Built factories
-Expanded markets

28
Q

Monopoly

A

complete control of a product or business by one person or group

29
Q

Vertical integration

A

purchase of companies at all levels of production

29
Q

Horizontal integration

A

purchase of competing companies in the same industry

30
Q

Trust

A
  • super corporation
    -companies exchange stock for trust certificates
    -combination of companies or industries established to reduce competition and increase profit
31
Q

Cartel

A
31
Q

Labor union

A

An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.

32
Q

Strike

A

Refusing to work

33
Q

Lockout

A

Lock workers out of work so they can’t be paid

34
Q

Haymarket Riot

A

-Ended in a bomb blast
-Knights of Labor blamed even though they had no direct connection
-8 police officers and a number of civilians perished

35
Q

Homestead Strike

A

-Steel workers Locked out at Carnegie’s plant in Homestead, PA.
-Pinkerton Detectives and “scab” workers brought in
-16 people killed
-National Guard ended the strike
-Fewer than 25% of striking workers would get their jobs back

36
Q

Pullman Strike

A

-Railway manufacturing strike due to wage cuts
-Eugene Debs & ARU called a boycott on Pullman railway cars
-Shut-down railroads all over the nation
-President Cleveland sent in Federal troops
-Government favored interests of business over labor

37
Q

Coal Creek Saga

A

-anderson county tennessee
-coal mine owners replaced miners with convicts from the goverment
-miners went on a rampage killing the convicts
-turned into war

38
Q

Rural

A
39
Q

Urbanization

A

movement of people from rural areas to cities (urban settlements)

40
Q

Settlement house

A

-Operated by women.
-Jane Addams “mother” of settlement house movement – built Hull House in Chicago.
-Neighborhood-based community centers built in middle of slums. Offered schooling, daycare, medical services to poor, job placement, English-as-a-Second-Language, especially for immigrants.

41
Q

Old immigration

A

-Western and Northern Europe
Africa (England, Scotland, Ireland, Sweden, Germany, and Netherlands)
-1620-1850
- Potato Famine drove the Irish to seek opportunities in the U.S.
Political Freedom - Revolution caused German’s to seek peace and stability
Others sought better economic opportunities
Religious Freedom
- European culture
Forms of government and religion
Economic patterns and beliefs

42
Q

Ellis Island

A

-Immigrants had to pass inspection at immigration stations:
1.Physical Examinations
2.Met with a government Inspector
-Approx. 20% were detained for a day at Ellis Island before being inspected; only 2% of them were denied entry.
-From 1892-1924, 17 million people passed through

43
Q

Angel Island

A

-Located in San Francisco Bay
Main Immigration station for Asian immigrants
-Faced harsh questioning and long detention
-Consisted of filthy, ramshackle buildings

43
Q

Chinese Exclusion Act

A

-1882
-banning entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, and government officials for 10 years.
-Congress extended the law in 1892 for another 10 years.
-(1902) Chinese immigration restricted indefinitely, until it was repealed in 1943

44
Q

Ethnic enclave

A

Built ethnic communities (enclaves) based on culture and religion, forming social clubs and societies

45
Q

Migration

A

a movement from one country or region to another

46
Q

Push factor

A

a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region. war, poverty, famine, natural disasters.

47
Q

Pull factor

A

a factor that draws or attracts people to another location.jobs, freedom, safety, family, opportunity

48
Q

Nativism

A

-favoritism towards native-born Americans
-Led to anti-immigrant groups and the Know-Nothing Political Party that demanded restrictions on immigration.

49
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A
50
Q

Andrew Johnson

A
50
Q

Benjamin “Pap” Singleton

A

-“Father of the Exodus”
- born as a slave in TN in 1809.
-He originally encouraged followers to acquire land in TN, he found whites would not
sell fruitful land to them.
- 20,000 African American migrants headed to Kansas between 1877-1879.

51
Q

Homer Plessy

A
52
Q

Alexander Graham Bell

A

invented the telephone

53
Q

Rutherford B. Hayes

A
54
Q

J.P. Morgan

A

banker who buys out Carnegie steel and renames it to US steel. was a philanthropist. he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. was one of the “robber barons”
- Morgan Library, Metropolitan Museum of Art,Yale University, Columbia University

54
Q

Henry Bessemer

A

Englishman who developed the first efficient method for the mass production of steel

55
Q

Thomas Edison

A

the lightbulb is his most famous invention, he also invented the phonograph, and the first motion pictures

55
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A

built a steel empire, used the new Bessemer process to mass produce steel cheaply. founded the Carnegie steel company in 1892
-Carnegie Hall, Public Libraries, Carnegie-Mellon Univ

56
Q

John D. Rockefeller

A

was an American industrialist and philanthropist. revolutionized the petroleum oil industry and became the richest man in US history
-Rockefeller Foundation, Chicago University

56
Q

NIkola Tesla

A

-worked with thomas edison
-wanted better solution that DC
-alternating current (AC)
-founded Tesla Electric and Manufacturing and the Tesla Electric Company.

57
Q

Madam C.J. Walker

A
  • America’s first female self made millionaire
    -first of member of the family to be born free after the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment.
    -made her own line of hair care products
    -used her husbands name
    -hired black women
57
Q

Cornelius Vanderbilt

A

US entrepreneur who accumulated great wealth from buying up and owning the majority of the railroad industry. railroad connecting Chicago and new york

-Ford Hospital, Grand Central Station, Vanderbilt University

58
Q

George Washington Carver

A

-agricultural scientist
-had enslaved parents
-went to black school
-crop rotation
-peanuts and sweet potatoes

59
Q

Samuel Gompers

A
60
Q

Eugene V. Debs

A
60
Q

Jane Addams

A

1860-1835. founder of settlement house movement. first American women to warn a Nobel peace prize in 1931 as president of women’s international league for peace and freedom

61
Q

Jacob Riis

A
62
Q

Thomas Nast

A

a famous caricaturist and editorial cartoonist in the 19th century and is considered to be the father of american political cartooning. his artwork was primarily based on political corruption. he helped people realize the corruption of some politicians

63
Q

new immigration

A

-Southern and Eastern Europe
Asia (Italy, Poland, Russia, China, and Japan)
-1850 - 1924
- Greater economic freedom, Greater political freedom, Greater religious freedom
- The cultural contributions of the new immigrants can be seen in the art, food, music and culture of modern America.

US history and geography (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions