Unit 1

Question 1

Chemical properties

Answer 1

Any properties that describe how a substance reacts with another substance

Question 2

Compound

Answer 2

different elements combined in definite proportions

Question 3

density

Answer 3

mass of a substance to the volume it occupies

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

can only move within fixed energy levels (negatively charged)

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

made up of only one kind of particle called atom.

Question 6

Group (families)

Answer 6

columns (up and down) that represent the number of electrons in the outermost energy levels

Question 7

Homogenous

Answer 7

Evenly combined or mixed substances

Question 8

Heterogenous

Answer 8

Unevenly combined or mixed

Question 9

Ions

Answer 9

atoms can gain or lose electrons producing charged particles

Question 10

Isotope

Answer 10

members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 11

Ionic compound

Answer 11

a metal and non-metal element bonded together

Question 12

Lustre

Answer 12

shiny, dull surface

Question 13

Metalloid

Answer 13

an element that share some properties of both, metals and nonmetals

Question 14

Mixture

Answer 14

composed of two or more substances

Question 15

Malleability

Answer 15

ability to be hammered into a sheet

Question 16

Matter

Answer 16

anything that has a mass and occupies space

Question 17

Metal

Answer 17

an elements that is typically hard shiny, and a conductor of electricity

Question 18

Molecular compound

Answer 18

two nonmetals bonded together

Question 19

Neutron

Answer 19

neutral (no charge) sub-atomic particle

Question 20

Non-metal

Answer 20

typically, an element that is not shiny, most an not visible and are poor conductors

Question 21

Period

Answer 21

rows (right to left) on the periodic table that represents the number of energy levels

Question 22

Physical properties

Answer 22

something that can be observed or measured without changing the type of matter

Question 23

Pure substance

Answer 23

matter that is made up of only one type of particle and cannot be separated physically (made of elements and compounds)

Question 24

Proton

Answer 24

positively charged sub-atomic particle

Question 25

Solubility

Answer 25

the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance

Question 26

Solution

Answer 26

a homogenous type of mixture of two or more substances

Question 27

Texture

Answer 27

smooth, rough surface

Question 28

Give two examples of chemical properties that can be used to describe matter.

Answer 28

Flammability, reaction with other substances

Question 29

Give two examples of physical properties that can be used to describe matter.

Answer 29

Solid: holds it shape, fixed volume, molecules packed tightly Liquid: takes the shape of its container, fixed volume, Molecules slide past each other Gas: takes the shape of its container, volume of container, molecules are far apart

Question 30

Provide 2 examples of a Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 30

Juice, water + salt

Question 31

Provide 2 examples of a Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 31

Pizza, sandwich

Question 32

Provide 2 examples of an Element

Answer 32

Sodium (Na), Hydrogen(H)

Question 33

Provide 2 examples of a compound

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide (CO2), Water(H2O)

Question 34

What type of charge does an electron have, and where is it located in an atom

Answer 34

It has a negative (-) charge and it is located outside the nucleus

Question 35

What type of charge does a proton have, and where is it located in an atom

Answer 35

It has a positive (+) charge and it is located inside the nucleus

Question 36

What type of charge does a neutron have, and where is it located in an atom

Answer 36

It has no charge (0) and it is located inside the nucleus

Question 37

How does an atom become an ion?

Answer 37

An atom can gain or lose electrons producing charged particles called ions

Question 38

If an atom gains two electrons, what charge does it have?

Answer 38

The atom will have a 2- charge

Question 39

How does an atom become an ion with a charge of +3

Answer 39

The atom is positively charged

Question 40

What is the equation of density?

Answer 40

D = M/V

Question 41

Provide the name for each of the following groups in the periodic table and identify one characteristic of each

Answer 41

Group 1: The alkali metals; want to lose one electron to become a full outer shell Group 2: The alkaline earth metals; All have two valence electrons Group 17: The Halogen metals; want to gain one extra electron to have a full outer shell Group 18: Group 18: The noble gases; Do not want to gain or lose electrons

Question 42

Dalton's atomic theory

Answer 42

All matter is made up of small particles called atoms Atoms cannot be created or destroyed All atoms of the same element are identical in size or mass Atoms of one element are different in mass and size from the atoms of other elements Compounds are created when atoms of different elements are linked to definite proportions

Question 43

Thomson's atomic theory

Answer 43

Noticed similar behaviour for different types of gases Concluded that negatively charged particles are found in all matter and called them electrons Knew that the atom had an overall neutral charge Positively charged sphere with mostly empty space has negatively charged electrons throughout “Raisin bun model”

Question 44

Rutherford's atomic theory

Answer 44

Discovery of the nucleus An atom contains a small dense , positively charged nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons Gold-Foil experiment

Question 45

Bohr's atomic theory

Answer 45

Discovery of energy levels Suggested that electrons existed in distinct energy levels

Question 46

What is an isotope?

Answer 46

An isotope is one of two or more forms of an element that have the same number of protons but a different amount of neutrons

Question 47

What the difference between ionic and molecular compounds?

Answer 47

Molecular compounds share electrons. While ionic compounds transfer electrons.

Question 48

Show how calcium and fluorine form a compound. Is it ionic or molecular? Write the chemical formula and name the compound that form.

Answer 48

Calcium fluoride. It is a ionic compound. CaF2

Question 49

Show how carbon and fluorine form a compound. Is it ionic or molecular? Write the chemical formula and name the compound that form.

Answer 49

Carbon Difluoride. It is a molecular compound. CF2

Question 50

Series circuit equation for current

Answer 50

Is = I1 = I2 = I3

Question 51

Series circuit equation for potential difference

Answer 51

Vs +V1 +V2+ V3

Question 52

Series circuit equation for resistance

Answer 52

Req = R1+ R2 + R3... (the equivalent resistance is greater than the resistance of each individual resistor)

Question 53

Parallel circuit equation for current

Answer 53

Is = I1 + I2 + I3

Question 54

Parallel circuit equation for potential difference

Answer 54

Vs = I1 = I2 = I3

Question 55

Parallel circuit equation for resistance

Answer 55

1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3... (The equivalent resistance is smaller than the resistance in the smallest resistor)