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NSCI: STS > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a complex social activity

A

Science

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2
Q

________ a theoretical discipline, a ______ that deals with patterns and relationships

A

Mathematics, Science

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3
Q

deals with abstractions and explores
relationships without considering whether it has
counterparts in real life

A

Mathematics

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4
Q

is a science of logical reasoning

A

Mathematics

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5
Q

Types of reasoning that is based on
postulates, axioms, self-evident truths and
drawing conclusion out of that

A

Deductive Reasoning

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6
Q

type of reasoning that statements or
propositions based on general observations and
experience.

A

Inductive Reasoning

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7
Q

means a big body of knowledge

A

Science

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8
Q

Product of Scientific knowledge

A

Technology

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9
Q

is an initial sample or model of a product
used in order to test a product or a context.

A

Prototype

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10
Q

the science concerned with describing the interactions of
energy, matter, space, and time; it is especially interested in what
fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon

A

Physics

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11
Q

Classical Physics that developed during the Renaissance period until the end of the _____ century.

A

19th

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12
Q

the study of relativity, quantum mechanics, or both

A

Modern Physics

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13
Q

Four theories about the origin of the Universe

A

1.Big bang Theory
2. Steady State Theory
3. Oscillating Theory
4. Divine Creation

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14
Q

formed 4.6 billion years ago and is made up of layers, each with unique characteristic and contributes to what the planet it is right now

A

Earth

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15
Q

Crust, mantle, core

A

Geosphere

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16
Q

soil and rock

A

crust

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17
Q

Humans
existed around _________ years ago

A

200,000

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18
Q

The planet Earth is made up of four spheres:

A

Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Geosphere, Biosphere

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19
Q

Describes the order and the
duration of the major events that
the Earth undergone 4.5 million
years ago.

A

Geologic Time Scale

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20
Q

the human beings appeared during the ________ era.

A

Cenozoic

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21
Q

The geologic time scale is mainly divided into:

A

Eons, Era, Periods

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22
Q

“Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but rather it is conserved
through the process of energy transfer and energy transformation.”

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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23
Q

is the ability to do work.

A

Energy

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24
Q

Any moving object produces ______ energy.

______ energy or the energy at rest is the stored energy that could be used for later or future purposes.

A

Kinetic, Potential

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25
Different forms of Energy:
Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, Radiant, Thermal, Nuclear
26
are the simplest units of matter
Atoms
27
produces energy. It powers the basic processes in the environment.
Motion
28
Occurs when nuclei of unstable isotopes spontaneously emit fast-moving chunks of matter (alpha particles or beta particles), high energy radiation (gamma rays), or both at a fixed rate.
Radioactive decay
29
occurs when the nuclei of certain isotopes with large mass numbers are split apart into lighter nuclei when struck by a neutron and release energy plus two or three more neutrons. Each neutron can trigger an additional fission reaction a n d lead t o a chain reaction, which releases an enormous amount of energy.
Nuclear fission
30
occurs when two isotopes of light elements, such as hydrogen, are forced together at extremely high temperatures until they fuse to form a heavier nucleus and release a tremendous amount of energy.
Nuclear Fusion
31
Comprises all the living components of the Earth
Biosphere
32
TRUE or FALSE: Characteristics of Living Organisms Maintain homeostasis.
True
33
TRUE or FALSE: Characteristics of Living Organisms Has simple noncomplex chemistry
FALSE
34
is the basic unit of life.
Cells
35
come from other pre-existing cells
Cells
36
A cell with nucleus
Eukaryotic Cell
37
is made up both of biotic and abiotic components interacting altogether.
ecosystem
38
Ecology comes from the Greek words _____, meaning “house” or “place to live,” and _______, meaning “study of”)
oikos, logos
39
Energy transfer can be illustrated through _______ and _______
food chain, food webs
40
Which is correct: a. species→ population → community→ ecosystem→ biome b. population→ species → community→ ecosystem→ biome c. species→ population → biome→ ecosystem→ community
A. species→ population → community→ ecosystem→ biome
41
What trophic level Primary Consumers belong?
Second trophic level
42
What trophic level does Producers (plants) belong?
First Trophic Level
43
The biological and chemical processes such as energy flow and matter recycling needed for the survival of species, communities, and ecosystems.
Functional Diversity
44
The number and abundance of species present in different communities
Species Diversity
45
The variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems found in an area or on the earth.
Ecological Diversity
46
Traits are passed down from one generation to another
Hereditary
47
Levels of Biological Organization
Cell organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism
48
mass of cytoplasm bounded by a cell membrane
Cell
49
PROKARYOTIC CELL - “pro” means _____ - “_____” means kernel
before, karyon
50
has nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotic Cells
51
EUKARYOTIC CELLS - “eu” means _____ - “________” means (kernel)
good, karyon
52
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: Can be unicellular and multicellular
Eukaryotic
53
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: typically smaller (0.2-2.0 microns in diameter)
Prokaryotic
54
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: Cell walls are always present (made up of ________)
Prokayotic, Peptidoglycan
55
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: Examples are plant and animal cells
Eukaryotic
56
Cell walls of Eukaryotic can be absent, but are made up of ________
cellulose
57
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: No nucleus but there is a nucleiod
Prokaryotic
58
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: Bigger ribosomes and linear in shape
Eukaryotic
59
Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell: Rarely has plasmids
Eukaryotic
60
Eukaryotic Cell has double stranded DNA and in _______ shape
linear
61
Prokaryotic cell has double stranded DNA but in _______ shape
circular
62
_________ are examples of prokaryotic cells
Bacteria
63
are group of cells that perform specific functions.
Tissues
64
The __________ works hand-in-hand in order to make a human being alive.
Human Organ System
65
The ________ system is a strong yet flexible framework of bones and connective tissue. It provides support for the body and protection for many o f its internal parts.
Skeletal System
66
A system that the body's cells produce waste products, many of which are eliminated in urine. The job of the urinary system is to make urine and expel it from the body.
Excretory System
67
This system is a network of vessels that collects fluid from tissues and returns it to the blood. It also contains groups of cels that protect the body against infection.
Lymphatic (Immune) System
68
Many body processes, such as growth and energy production, are directed by hormones. These chemicals are released by the glands of the ________ system.
Endocrine System
69
__________ and _________ have had an immeasurable influence on the formation of our understanding of the world, our view of society, and our outlook on nature.
Science, Technology
70
This system consists of the heart and a network of vessels that carry blood. It supplies oxygen and nutrients t o the body's cells and removes waste products.
Circulatory System
71
Size of an Eukaryotic Cell
10-100 microns in diameter
72
Discovered the cell
Robert Hooke
73
Four Scientific Principles of Sustainability:
Reliance on Solar Energy, Biodiversity, Nutrient Cycling, Population Control

NSCI: STS (2 decks)

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