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NSCI: STS > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a complex social activity

A

Science

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2
Q

________ a theoretical discipline, a ______ that deals with patterns and relationships

A

Mathematics, Science

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3
Q

deals with abstractions and explores
relationships without considering whether it has
counterparts in real life

A

Mathematics

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4
Q

is a science of logical reasoning

A

Mathematics

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5
Q

Types of reasoning that is based on
postulates, axioms, self-evident truths and
drawing conclusion out of that

A

Deductive Reasoning

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6
Q

type of reasoning that statements or
propositions based on general observations and
experience.

A

Inductive Reasoning

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7
Q

means a big body of knowledge

A

Science

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8
Q

Product of Scientific knowledge

A

Technology

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9
Q

is an initial sample or model of a product
used in order to test a product or a context.

A

Prototype

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10
Q

the science concerned with describing the interactions of
energy, matter, space, and time; it is especially interested in what
fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon

A

Physics

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11
Q

Classical Physics that developed during the Renaissance period until the end of the _____ century.

A

19th

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12
Q

the study of relativity, quantum mechanics, or both

A

Modern Physics

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13
Q

Four theories about the origin of the Universe

A

1.Big bang Theory
2. Steady State Theory
3. Oscillating Theory
4. Divine Creation

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14
Q

formed 4.6 billion years ago and is made up of layers, each with unique characteristic and contributes to what the planet it is right now

A

Earth

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15
Q

Crust, mantle, core

A

Geosphere

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16
Q

soil and rock

A

crust

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17
Q

Humans
existed around _________ years ago

A

200,000

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18
Q

The planet Earth is made up of four spheres:

A

Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Geosphere, Biosphere

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19
Q

Describes the order and the
duration of the major events that
the Earth undergone 4.5 million
years ago.

A

Geologic Time Scale

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20
Q

the human beings appeared during the ________ era.

A

Cenozoic

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21
Q

The geologic time scale is mainly divided into:

A

Eons, Era, Periods

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22
Q

“Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but rather it is conserved
through the process of energy transfer and energy transformation.”

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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23
Q

is the ability to do work.

A

Energy

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24
Q

Any moving object produces ______ energy.

______ energy or the energy at rest is the stored energy that could be used for later or future purposes.

A

Kinetic, Potential

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25
Q

Different forms of Energy:

A

Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, Radiant, Thermal, Nuclear

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26
Q

are the simplest units of matter

A

Atoms

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27
Q

produces energy. It powers the basic
processes in the environment.

A

Motion

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28
Q

Occurs when nuclei of unstable isotopes spontaneously emit fast-moving chunks of matter (alpha particles or beta particles), high energy radiation (gamma rays), or both at a fixed rate.

A

Radioactive decay

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29
Q

occurs when the nuclei of certain isotopes with
large mass numbers are split apart into lighter nuclei when struck by a neutron and release energy plus two or three more neutrons. Each neutron can trigger an additional fission reaction a n d lead t o a chain reaction, which releases an enormous amount of energy.

A

Nuclear fission

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30
Q

occurs when two isotopes of light elements, such
as hydrogen, are forced together at extremely high temperatures until they fuse to form a heavier nucleus and release a tremendous amount of energy.

A

Nuclear Fusion

31
Q

Comprises all the living components of the Earth

A

Biosphere

32
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Characteristics of Living Organisms

Maintain homeostasis.

A

True

33
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Characteristics of Living Organisms

Has simple noncomplex chemistry

A

FALSE

34
Q

is the basic unit of life.

A

Cells

35
Q

come from other pre-existing cells

A

Cells

36
Q

A cell with nucleus

A

Eukaryotic Cell

37
Q

is made up both of biotic and abiotic components
interacting altogether.

A

ecosystem

38
Q

Ecology comes from the Greek words _____, meaning “house” or “place to live,” and _______, meaning “study of”)

A

oikos, logos

39
Q

Energy transfer can be illustrated through
_______ and _______

A

food chain, food webs

40
Q

Which is correct:

a. species→ population → community→ ecosystem→ biome
b. population→ species → community→
ecosystem→ biome
c. species→ population → biome→
ecosystem→ community

A

A. species→ population → community→
ecosystem→ biome

41
Q

What trophic level Primary Consumers belong?

A

Second trophic level

42
Q

What trophic level does Producers (plants) belong?

A

First Trophic Level

43
Q

The biological and chemical processes such as energy flow and matter recycling needed for the survival of species, communities, and ecosystems.

A

Functional Diversity

44
Q

The number and abundance of species
present in different communities

A

Species Diversity

45
Q

The variety of terrestrial and
aquatic ecosystems found in
an area or on the earth.

A

Ecological Diversity

46
Q

Traits are passed down from one generation to another

A

Hereditary

47
Q

Levels of Biological Organization

A

Cell organelle → Cell → Tissue →
Organ → Organ System →
Organism

48
Q

mass of cytoplasm bounded by a cell membrane

A

Cell

49
Q

PROKARYOTIC CELL
- “pro” means _____
- “_____” means kernel

A

before, karyon

50
Q

has nucleus and membrane
bound organelles

A

Eukaryotic Cells

51
Q

EUKARYOTIC CELLS
- “eu” means _____
- “________” means (kernel)

A

good, karyon

52
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

Can be unicellular and multicellular

A

Eukaryotic

53
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

typically smaller (0.2-2.0 microns in diameter)

A

Prokaryotic

54
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

Cell walls are always present (made up of ________)

A

Prokayotic, Peptidoglycan

55
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

Examples are plant and animal cells

A

Eukaryotic

56
Q

Cell walls of Eukaryotic can be absent, but are made up of ________

A

cellulose

57
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

No nucleus but there is a nucleiod

A

Prokaryotic

58
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

Bigger ribosomes and linear in shape

A

Eukaryotic

59
Q

Determine if it is a PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cell:

Rarely has plasmids

A

Eukaryotic

60
Q

Eukaryotic Cell has double stranded DNA and in
_______ shape

A

linear

61
Q

Prokaryotic cell has double stranded DNA but in
_______ shape

A

circular

62
Q

_________ are examples of prokaryotic cells

A

Bacteria

63
Q

are group of cells that perform specific functions.

A

Tissues

64
Q

The __________ works hand-in-hand in order to make a human being alive.

A

Human Organ System

65
Q

The ________ system is a strong yet flexible framework of bones and connective tissue. It
provides support for the body and protection for
many o f its internal parts.

A

Skeletal System

66
Q

A system that the body’s cells produce waste products, many of which are eliminated in urine. The job of the urinary system is to make urine
and expel it from the body.

A

Excretory System

67
Q

This system is a network of vessels that collects fluid
from tissues and returns it to the blood. It also contains groups of cels that protect the body against infection.

A

Lymphatic (Immune) System

68
Q

Many body processes, such as growth and energy production, are directed by
hormones. These chemicals are released by the glands of the ________ system.

A

Endocrine System

69
Q

__________ and _________ have had an immeasurable influence on the formation of our understanding of the world, our view of society, and our outlook on
nature.

A

Science, Technology

70
Q

This system consists of the heart and a network
of vessels that carry blood. It supplies oxygen and
nutrients t o the body’s cells and removes waste products.

A

Circulatory System

71
Q

Size of an Eukaryotic Cell

A

10-100 microns in diameter

72
Q

Discovered the cell

A

Robert Hooke

73
Q

Four Scientific Principles of Sustainability:

A

Reliance on Solar Energy, Biodiversity, Nutrient Cycling, Population Control

NSCI: STS (2 decks)

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