Unit 1

Question 1

John Dalton

Answer 1

Matter is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms

Question 2

JJ Thomson

Answer 2

Atoms are uniformly positive (plum pudding)

Question 3

Corpuscles

Answer 3

Electrons

Question 4

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 4

Positively charged nucleus (solar system)

Question 5

Max Planck

Answer 5

Black body radiation, energy is quantized

Question 6

Albert Einstein

Answer 6

Light energy can be quantized (photon)

Question 7

Photoelectric effect

Answer 7

High frequency light excited electrons from metals

Question 8

Continuous spectrum

Answer 8

Contain all wavelengths in a particular region of the EM spectrum

Question 9

Line spectrum

Answer 9

Contains only particular wavelengths and arises when excited electrons emit energy

Question 10

Lowest possible energy state for an atom

Answer 10

Ground state

Question 11

Proved that electrons had wave particle duality

Answer 11

Louis de Broglie

Question 12

Came up with an equation for the probability of finding an electron in a given space

Answer 12

Ernest Schödinger

Question 13

Impossible to know both the exact position and speed of an electro

Answer 13

Heisenberg uncertainty prnciple

Question 14

Describes the size and energy of an atomic orbital

Answer 14

Principal quantum number

Question 15

Orbitals can hold only two electrons with opposite spins

Answer 15

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 16

Fill orbitals starting from the lowest available energy orbital

Answer 16

Aufbau principle

Question 17

All orbitals in the same subshell must contain an electron before any two electrons can occupy an orbital

Answer 17

Hund’s Rule

Question 18

Has the same electron configuration as each other (ex: Ca2+, S2-, Ar)

Answer 18

Isoelectronic

Question 19

Using nearby vacant d orbitals to exceed 8 valence electrons past period 3 is called…

Answer 19

Expanded octet

Question 20

These atoms can have an under filled octet

Answer 20

Be and B

Question 21

A covalent bond in which the electrons involved in bonding are from one atom

Answer 21

Coordinate covalent bonding

Question 22

The distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by various lewis structures

Answer 22

Resonance structures

Question 23

Bold angle of linear structure

Answer 23

180

Question 24

Bond angle of trigonal planar structure

Answer 24

120

Question 25

Bond angle of tetrahedral structure

Answer 25

109.5

Question 26

Bond angle of trigonal pyramidal structure

Answer 26

107

Question 27

Bond angle of bent structure

Answer 27

104.5

Question 28

A method to describe the geometry of a molecule based on the idea that electron pairs are as far apart as possible

Answer 28

VSEPR (Valence Shell électron pair répulsion) theory

Question 29

The chemical bond within a molecule (ie covalent bonds)

Answer 29

Intramolecular forces

Question 30

À force that causes one molecule to interact with another molecule

Answer 30

Intermolecular forces

Question 31

Brittle, hard, conducts electricity when dissolved in water, high melting point

Answer 31

Ionic crystals

Question 32

free moving electrons, malleable, electrically conductive, hard, shiny

Answer 32

Metallic crystals

Question 33

Lower melting point and less hard than other ionic crystals, DON’T conduct electricity

Answer 33

Molecular crystal

Question 34

Very high melting point, extreme hardness, DON’T conduct electricity

Answer 34

Covalent network crystal

Question 35

Slippery black electric conductor, carbon atoms on hexagonal sheets, trigonal planar (sp2 hybridized)

Answer 35

Graphite

Question 36

Very high melting point, extreme hardness, do not conduct electricity, tetrahedral (sp3 hybridized)

Answer 36

Covalent network crystal (diamond)