Unit 1 Flashcards
Natural Rights
All people have certain rights that cannot be taken away (life, liberty, and property)
Social Contract
Agreement among people in the society to give up certain rights to maintain order in exchange for the government protecting rights
Popular sovereignty
all governmental power comes from the consent of the people
Limited Government
A government’s power cannot be absolute.
Participatory Democracy
Broad participation in politics and civil society
Pluralist Democracy
group-based activism by nongovernmental interests striving for impact on political decision-making
Elite Democracy
Limited participation in government and civil society
Federalists
Supported a strong central government
Anti Federalists
More power to the states and the people scared of rights being violated under the new Constitution
1st
freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
4th
no unreasonable searches or seizures
5th
protects against self-incrimination, guarantees due process
6th
right to attorney
8th
no cruel or unusual punishments
Engel v. Vitale
Lead prayer within a public school
no official state prayer or religion within public school
Wisconsin v. Yoder
Amish family refused to send children to school after 8th grade because it was against religion
school attendance law was unconstitutional and against religion
Tinker v. Des Moines
Students were suspended for wearing armbands against the Vietnam war
students do not shed their rights at the school gates
Schenck v. U.S.
The man protested a military draft
was posing clear and present danger, different rights during wartime
New York Times Co. v. U.S.
NYT posted military involvemnt in Vietnam that Nixon wanted to keep confidential
it was allowed
Regulations of the first amendment
clear and present danger, time, place, and manner, fighting words, obscene material
Miranda v Arizona
Man confessed to crimes and wasnt informed of his miranda laws
Criminals must be informed of their military rights
Gideon V Wainwright
Man couldn’t afford an attorney
Brought the 6th amendment to a state level
Mapp v Ohio
Girl had obscene materials obtained illegally
was excluded
Civil rights
protect individuals from discrimination based on characteristics such as race, national origin, religion, and sex
Civil Liberties
Rights in the constitution
