Unit 1 Flashcards
The science dealing with the nature, effects, uses, and origin of drugs is called
Pharmacology
A drug agent that promotes bowel evacuation is a(n)
laxative
When you ask the pharmacist for the drug diphenhydramine, you are asking for the drug using the drug’s _____ name.
generic
Any characteristic that makes a drug undesirable or improper is its
contraindication
Nonprescription drugs are also known as
over-the-counter drugs
Common dosage forms of drugs include
1. suspension.
2. capsule.
3. oral.
4. transdermal.
5. inhalant.
6. parenteral.
7. solution.
1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 only
Vitamins, herbals, and dietary supplements are classified as
over-the-counter drugs
All of the following describe pharmacokinetics except
filtration
All of the following are related except
diphenhydramine
Benadryl
2-diphenylmethoxy-N,N-
Echinacea**
Reaction to a drug that results in respiratory or circulatory collapse is referred to as
anaphylaxis
Some drugs are intended to have slow, uniform absorption over several hours and are said to be extended-release drugs These drugs are designed to permit absorption in the
small bowel
Transdermal patches are intended to release a drug over an extended period of time. Particular care must be used with this type of drug administration because of its design and thin metal backing. The modality of concern in medical imaging would be
MRI scanning
Metformin (Glucophage) is commonly used to treat
type 2 diabetes
Drugs that relieve pain without causing a loss of consciousness are called
analgesics
All of the following are true of the drug nitroglycerine except it
causes blood vessels to constrict
An annual publication commonly used to answer questions about drugs and their actions is the
Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR)
A patient who is scheduled to have surgery of the esophagus for a diverticulum will likely be given an _______ to decrease mucosal secretions and esophageal muscular activity.
antiemetic
Drugs that are commonly used for the treatment of high cholesterol are referred to as
statins
A major complication for patients undergoing (antiplatelet) blood clotting drug therapy is
bleeding
A common drug used to manage hypothyroidism is
levothyroxine
A drug name that is unique to the drug, as given by the drug’s manufacturer, is called the drug’s _____ name.
brand
Select the true statement from the choices below.
Drugs are classified legally as either prescription or nonprescription.
Heparin is best administered to patients
as an intravenous injection
Patients with congestive heart failure and lymphedema are typically prescribed
furosemide
a diuretic
Lasix
A contraindication to NSAIDs is
compromised renal function
A patient who has a history of bloody stools caused by a suspected malignant neoplasm (cancer) in the colon should not be given
a laxative
Examples of antihistamines include
1. Benadryl.
2. Fosamax.
3. metformin.
4. Dilantin.
5. Claritin.
6. Allegra.
1, 5, and 6 only
Parenteral administration of a drug involves
needle injections
What is the name given to a drug when it becomes available commercially?
Generic name
Which of the following is a breathable chemical vapor that may cause systemic and local effects?
Inhalent
What is the name given that means the act of propelling the contents through the G.I. tract?
Peristalsis
A substance that nullifies the intended action of an administered drug is call a(n)
antagonist
What is the most common dose form and it is one of the easiest to administer?
Tablet
Which dose form can have a powder or liquid in the dose form?
Capsule
A gelatin shell dissolves where?
Stomach
As you approach a patient for a portable chest radiograph, you notice a localized swelling around the insertion site of the patient’s IV. There is no associated skin erythema. This patient likely demonstrates _______________ of the injection site.
extravasation
Tablets that are taken orally and have a polymer coating
are designed to be absorbed through the mucosal lining of the small bowel.
Pharmaceuticals that are used to treat cancers and malignant disease
may be used in conjunction with radiation therapy.
are cytotoxic and require personal protective equipment (PPE).
are classified as antineoplastic drugs.
According to the Controlled Substances act, which schedule is valium?
Schedule 4 Drugs
What is the rule for Metformin and CT?
Inform the patient it should not be taken 48 hours before and 48 hours after their test
How many drug schedules are there?
5
Which of the below is not one of the components of a valid drug prescription?
patient date of birth
Which of the following dosage forms is generally absorbed fastest?
solution
Another name for biotransformation is
metabolism
The processes of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated is called
pharmacokinetics
The most common type of analgesic is
acetaminophen
What is the term for a predictable extension of pharmacologic action in the body systems other than those intended?
side effect
A drug reaction that does not occur in most patients who have been treated with that drug in the past, can be unpredictable and dangerous; determined largely by genetics is called
idiosyncratic
The type of sedation also known as conscious sedation is called
moderate
This type of drug binds and activates the opioid receptor to trigger and enhance a physiological response
agonist
What is the most common analgesic? Bonus
Tylenol
