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DMS > Unit #1 > Flashcards

Unit #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Label these regions of the abdomen

A
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2
Q

Label the quadrants of the abdomen

A
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3
Q

name these body planes

A
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4
Q

What body plane receives this view?

A

Coronal Plane

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5
Q

What body plane receives this view?

A

Sagittal Plane

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6
Q

What body plane receives this view?

A

Transverse Plane

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7
Q

Describe Acoustic Enhancement, aka Through Transmission, and what causes it to occur?

A

Occurs when the sound waves move faster than usual

Liquids, such as urine, cause sound waves to do this.

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8
Q

Describe Acoustic Impedance, and what may cause this?

A

Anything that stops sound waves, such as gas

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9
Q

When Acoustic Impedance occurs, an ______ ________ is usually visible.

A

Acoustic shadow

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10
Q

What does the abbreviation, ALARA stand for? What is this referring to.

A

As
Low
As
Reasonably
Achievable
This is referring to the intensity of the frequency rate, (which can be adjusted), in addition to the exposure time.

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11
Q

What does Anechoic mean? What object would appear this way in the body?

A

No echo. A cyst would appear anechoic.
(prefix “an” means without)

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12
Q

What is Ascites?

A

An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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13
Q

Describe what attenuation is

A

Attenuation occurs when the frequency of the ultrasound is absorbed by a structure, making it more difficult to access what is being scanned. Because of this, scanning a 850lb person will take a higher frequency vs. a 100lb person.

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14
Q

Label these directional references

A
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15
Q

Describe beam divergence

A

The widening of the beam as it travels, triangle effect

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16
Q

Calculi means _____, and they are noticeable because the beam _____ pass through them, casting a ______ in the image

A

stone
can’t
shadow

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17
Q

What are calipers and what are they used for in imaging?

A

Calipers are measurement cursors that are used to calibrate the distance between echoes of interest on the imaging screen

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18
Q

On an imaging screen, when you see one vein as purple, and one artery as red, this is the work of ______ ______. One important thing to note about this is what?

A

Color flow.
The machine doesn’t always label arteries as red, and veins as blue, as they usually are. It will just color blood flow in one direction one color and blood flow in another direction, another color.

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19
Q

What is another word for complex mass? Give an example of what one may be. What is it made up of?How is it portrayed on the imaging screen?

A

abnormal mass in the body, such as a cyst, that is made up of both fluid and tissue
It is portrayed as partially see through with various shades of gray

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20
Q

Describe ipsilateral

A

Situated on or affecting the same side of the body. Example: right arm and right leg

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21
Q

Describe bilateral

A

Involving or belonging to both sides of the body on the same half. Example: right and left knees

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22
Q

Describe unilateral

A

Involving or belonging to one body part on one side of the body. Example: right leg

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23
Q

Describe contralateral

A

Referring to opposite sides of the body on opposite portions

24
Q

Describe contrast

A

A comparison of light to dark

25
Q

What is another word for coupling agent?

A

Gel

26
Q

What is showing in this image?

A

The left and right Crura/Crus of the diaphragm

27
Q

A fluid collection within the body that does not meet the criterial to be considered a true cyst is called a ________.

A

Cystic

28
Q

What is depth of penetration? What does it correspond to?

A

The distance the sound wave travels through an object. Corresponds to the frequency.

29
Q

What is diffuse disease?

A

An infiltrative disease that alters the normal echo pattern throughout an organ

30
Q

This image below is a visual representation of the ____ ______

A

Doppler effect

31
Q

_____ is used to detect blood flow through vessels. It detects both the ____ and ____ of blood flow.

A

Doppler.
Presence and direction

32
Q

The word echogenic describes….

A

A body structure that is able to produce echoes or echo patterns on sonograms.

33
Q

_____ ______ is used to tell the texture of a structure when viewing it to tell if its grainy or smooth.

A

Echo texture

34
Q

______ ________ _______ is an abnormal disease process that originates outside of an organ

A

Extraorgan pathology

35
Q

______/______ change is a disease process confined to isolated area(s) of an organ

A

focal/multifocal change

36
Q

What is a focal zone?

A

An area where the image is focused

37
Q

What is the name of what is being pointed to on this image?

A

Gray scale

38
Q

_____ means NOT the same throughout, where as _____ means the same throughout

A

heterogenous = not the same
homogenous = the same

39
Q

_____ is used to describe echoes that are brighter to surrounding areas, where as ____ is used to describe echoes that are not as bright as surrounding areas.

A

Hyperechoic = brighter than surroundings
Hypoechoic = darker than surroundings

40
Q

What occurs with an infiltrative disease?

A

A disease will spread throughout an entire organ

41
Q

When a disease originates within an organ it is called ______ ________

A

intraorgan pathology

42
Q

Define intraperitoneal

Give some examples

A

Abdominopelvic structures that are enclosed by the parietal peritoneum (lined with organ)

stomach, spleen, gallbladder etc…

43
Q

_____ ______ is an anomaly that usually occurs near the diaphragm or lungs when an image is duplicated.

A

Mirror artifact

44
Q

Define necrotic

A

death of tissue, and is now rotting

45
Q

Parenchyma is the ____ composing an organ and can generally be referred to as _____

A

tissue. tissue

46
Q

The thin sheet of tissue that lines the peritoneal cavity is known as the ________

A

peritoneum

47
Q

pleural effusion is

A

a collection of fluid inside the lung

48
Q

Ultrasound image artifact caused when sound waves pass through and beyond a structure whose acoutic impedance is noticeably different from another nearby structure causing a large amount of reflection back to the transducer is known as _____

A

Reverberation

49
Q

Separations are

A

linings that divide organs in images, like cubicles

50
Q

Solid mass

A

Abnormal mass composed of tissue

51
Q

Knobs on an ultrasound machine that are used to create clearer images are abbreviated as _____. What does it stand for?

A

TGC
Time-Gain Compensation

52
Q

What are the four types of scanning planes?

A

Sagittal Plane
Transverse Plane
Coronal Sagittal Plane
Coronal Transverse Plane

53
Q

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Coronal Sagittal Plane

A
53
Q

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Coronal Transverse Plane

A
54
Q

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Sagittal Plane

A
55
Q

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a transverse plane

A

DMS (5 decks)

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