Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHEMISTRY > UNIT 1 > Flashcards

UNIT 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Recognized that carbon is tetravalent?

A

Kekule (German Chemist) and Couper (Scottish Chemist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

an atom that can form four carbon bonds with other atoms?

A

Tetravalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

an example of tetravalent carbon?

A

Carbon Atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

atoms that carbon can bond with easily?

A

Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
and carbon itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

main component of organic molecules?

A

Carbon Atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nature of Carbon?

A
  1. Can form linear, branched, and cyclic bonds with a wide array of organic substance.
    2.Can form a more diverse molecular structure if the carbon atom will have single, double, and triple bonds.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

notioned that the chemical inertness of the noble gasses indicted a high degree of stability of the electron configuration of these elements (the noble gasses have completely filled valence shells)

A

Gilbert N. Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

deviced a model of bonding that unified many of the observations of chemical reactions of the elements

A

Gilbert N. Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Happens when it acquires the complete (octet) eight electrons in the other most shell of the atom.

A

Chemical Bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Happens when it acquires the complete (octet) eight electrons in the other most shell of the atom.

A

Chemical Bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when an atom loses an electron

A

negatively charged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when an atom gains an electron

A

positively charged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when 2 atoms shares their electron

A

covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when an atom gains/losses its electron through the bond

A

ionic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If the electrons is shared equally?

A

non polar (covalent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

if the electrons are not shared equally?

A

Polar (covalent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 classification of organic compound?

A
  1. Hydrocarbons
  2. heteroatoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

containing hydrogen and carbon

A

Hydrocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

containing single binds

A

Heteroatoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Composed of single binds?

A

saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

composed of double or triple binds?

A

unsaturated

21
Q

2 types of hydrocarbons?

A

aliphatics
aromatics

22
Q

heteroatoms groups

A

with halogens
with oxygen
with nitrogen
with sulfur

23
Q

With halogens

A

organic halides
alkyl and aryl halides

24
Q

With oxygen

A

alcohols,
phenols,
ethers, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, anhydrides, esters

25
Q

With nitrogen

A

amines
amides, amino acids

26
Q

With sulfur

A

thiols, sulfides

27
Q

what does green house methane made up?

A

HC

28
Q

Types of organic reactions?

A
  1. Addition
  2. Elimination
  3. Substitution
  4. Rearrangement
  5. Oxidation
  6. Oxidation reduction
29
Q

can be identified if there is an increase in the number of atoms or groups attached to a carbon(s) in the substrate. (A saturated compound contains single bonds only while an unsaturated compound contains double or triple bonds

A

Addition

30
Q

, an atom or a group of atoms is removed from the substrate, thus there is a decrease in the number of atoms or groups attached to carbon. The substrate is transformed to a more unsaturated (single bond) product.

A

Elimination reaction

31
Q

they involve the replacement of an atom or a group of atoms in the substrate by another atom or group of atoms.

A

Substitution

32
Q

reactions involve migration of an atom or group of atoms from one atom to another

A

Rearrangement Reaction

33
Q

reactions involve migration of an atom or group of atoms from one atom to another

A

oxidation and reduction reaction

34
Q

occurs when there is an increase in the oxygen content and/or a decrease in the hydrogen content of the substrate

A

Oxidation Reaction

35
Q

there is an increase in the hydrogen content and/or a decrease in the oxygen content of the substrate

A

Reduction Reaction

36
Q

the step by step events by which a substrate is converted to products at a given set of conditions

A

Reaction mechanism

37
Q

formed in a one step and then consumed in the later step of reaction mechanism

A

Reaction intermediate

38
Q

slowest step in the mechanism

A

Rate determining/limiting step

39
Q

formed from the transformation of reactants and reagents

A

product

40
Q

Can form carbon radical

A

Homolytic bond

41
Q

can be trivalent, carbon anion or carbocations or can be carbon cations

A

Heterolytic

42
Q

2 classification of reactant?

A

substrate and reagents

43
Q

used in an chemical reactions?

A

reagents

44
Q

loves electrons.

attack positively charged atoms or low electron density

A

Nucleophilic (nucleus loving)

45
Q

electron deficient.

capable of forming new bonds by accepting a pair of electrons

attacks negatively charged electrons or high electron density

A

Electrophilic

46
Q

have odd number of electrons react easily and attack high electron density atoms

A

Radical like

47
Q

2 types of reactants

A
48
Q

3 types of reagents

A

nucleophile, electrophile, radical

49
Q

either carbocation or carbanion

A

heterolytic cleavage

50
Q

can form charged carbon intermediate known as radical

A

homolytic cleavage

CHEMISTRY (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions