ALKANES

Question 1

Saturated hydrocarbons, whose atom are arranged in an open chain. linear branched (acyclic).

simpliest and least reactive hydrocarbon

Answer 1

Alkane

Question 2

general formula of alkanes

Answer 2

CnH2n+2

Question 3

first family in the alkanes

Answer 3

Methane (CH4) and Ethane (C2H6)

Question 4

alkanes with one or more alkyl group

Answer 4

Branched-chain alkanes

Question 5

general formula for branched alkanes

Answer 5

CnH2n+1

Question 6

an atom or group of atoms that took the place of a hydrogen atom on a parent hydrocarbons molecule.

Answer 6

Substituent

Question 7

longest continuous chain of branched-chain hydrocarbons.

Answer 7

Parent alkane

Question 8

Hydrocarbons who are joined together to form a saturated ring.

Answer 8

Cycloalkane

Question 9

Most abundant cycloalkane

Answer 9

Cyclopentane and cyclohexane

Question 10

formula for Cycloalkane

Answer 10

CnH2n

Question 11

A system on which most organic chemists have agreed to provide guidelines to allow them to learn from each other’s works

Answer 11

IUPAC (International union of pure and applied chemistry) Nomenclature

Question 12

provides a foundation of language for organic chemistry.

Answer 12

Nomenclature

Question 13

indicated the number or carbon atom in the chain

Answer 13

prefix

Question 14

shows the compound is a saturated hydrocarbon

Answer 14

Suffix-ane

Question 15

A+B —> A-B

Answer 15

Synthesis

Question 16

A-B —–> A+B

Answer 16

Decomposition

Question 17

A-B+C —> A-C+B

Answer 17

Single replacement

Question 18

A-B+C-D —> A-D=C-D

Answer 18

Double replacement

Question 19

the temperature at which a given solid will melt and a liquid boils and turns to vapor

Answer 19

Melting point

Question 20

The ability to be dissolved especially in water

Answer 20

Solubility

Question 21

the degree of compactness of a substance

Answer 21

Density

Question 22

have higher boiling points than the other counterparts with the same number of carbon atoms

Answer 22

Cyclicalkanes

Question 23

lowers the boiling of the alkane

Answer 23

Branching carbon chain

Question 24

increase if there is an increase in the number of carbon atom in length or ring size.

Answer 24

Boiling point

Question 25

occur to a halogen with alkane in the presence of ultraviolet light (UV) and it leads to the formation of a haloalkane which we call alkyl halide

Answer 25

Halogenations of Alkanes

Question 26

A substituent group derived by the removal of a hydrogen atom from an alkane is called

Answer 26

alkyl group

Question 27

tells the nature of the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain

Answer 27

infix

Question 28

used as fuel and in heat generating products

Answer 28

methane, ethane, propane and butane

Question 29

insoluble in water for they are nonpolar as water is a polar molecule.

Answer 29

cycloalkane and alkane

Question 30

have higher boiling points, melting points and higher densities due to the greater number of London forces that they contain.

Answer 30

Cycloalkanes

Question 31

used in consumer products such as paint and varnish remover

Answer 31

cyclohexane

Question 32

hydrogenation is less likely to occur.

Answer 32

Cycloalkanes with 6 or more carbons

Question 33

has the ability to react in the dark where addition reaction occurs which causes the ring to break

Answer 33

Cyclopropane

Question 34

an example of a substitution reaction

Answer 34

Halogenation

Question 35

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

Answer 35

Complete combustion

Question 36

2CH₄ + 3O₂ → 2CO + 4H₂O

Answer 36

Incomplete combustion

Question 37

- happens when oxygen has a plentiful supply - carbon and hydrogen atoms react with oxygen in an exothermic reaction - carbon dioxide and water are produced - maximum energy is given out

Answer 37

Complete Combustion

Question 38

-happens when oxygen only has a limited supply - impure carbon particles (soot), carbon monoxide, and water are produced - less energy is released

Answer 38

Incomplete combustion

Question 39

Densities of alkanes and cycloalkanes

Answer 39

from 0.6 – 0.8 g/mL (water density at 4°C = 1.0 g/mL)

Question 40

in non-polar solvent such as toluene, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and other hydrocarbons

Answer 40

soluble

Question 41

- Less energy is required to separate molecules from one another. Resulting in a lower boiling point.

Answer 41

Branched chain

Question 42

More energy required to separate molecules from one another resulting in a higher boiling point.

Answer 42

Straight chain

Question 43

Stronger van der Waals force of attraction

Answer 43

Straight chain

Question 44

have weaker van der Waals force of attraction

Answer 44

Branched chain