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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Reference map

A

Shows general information/navigation/location. Ex: political, physical, road

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2
Q

Thematic map

A

Communicate information about a place - spatial aspects - what is it like?

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3
Q

Chloropleth map

A

Use various colors/shades to show location/distribution of spatial data

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4
Q

Dot-density map

A

Each dot represents a specified quantity of spatial characteristic (same size)

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5
Q

Graduated proportional symbol map

A

Use symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of variable

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6
Q

Cartogram map

A

The sizes of countries are shown according to specific variable. Area distorted to show variable.

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7
Q

Isoline map

A

Use lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in data across space. Ex: weather, elevation.

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8
Q

Absolute location

A

Exact location (coordinates)

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9
Q

Relative location

A

Location in relation to other object

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10
Q

Absolute distance

A

Exact distance

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11
Q

Relative distance

A

Distance in relation to other things

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12
Q

Absolute direction

A

Exact direction

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13
Q

Relative direction

A

Direction in relation to other things

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14
Q

Clustering

A

Density: the number of something in defined area

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15
Q

Dispersal/distribution

A

The way something is spread out in an area

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16
Q

Patterns and spatial associations

A

Indication that 2 or more phenomena may be related

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17
Q

Map projection

A

The process of a cartographer showing the curved surface of the earth on a flat map

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18
Q

Mercator projection

A

Purpose: sea navigation
Area is distorted near poles

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19
Q

Peters equal area projection

A

Purpose: area of landmasses accurate
Shapes inaccurate near poles

20
Q

Robinson projection

A

Purpose: no major distortions
All aspects of map slightly distorted

21
Q

Field work/observations

A

Physically visiting location to gather data. Ex: US census

22
Q

GIS

A

Computer software that stores and analyzes and displays info from multiple maps/data sets

23
Q

GPS

A

Satellites orbit the earth and communicate local information

24
Q

Arial photography

A

Professional images captured from planes/drones

25
Q

Remote sensing

A

Sensors on aircraft/satellites collect images of earth’s surface

26
Q

Sense of place

A

Factors that contribute to uniqueness of location

27
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

Human created artifacts

28
Q

Placelessness

A

A location without a sense of place

29
Q

Toponym

A

Location’s name, reflective of cultural history of place

30
Q

Regionalization

A

The process geographers use to categorize spaces into smaller areas

31
Q

Distance decay

A

Interaction between you laces declines as distance between places increases

32
Q

Time-space compression

A

The increasing sense of accessibility and connectivity seems to bring people that are far apart closer together

33
Q

Diffusion

A

The process where characteristics spread across space

34
Q

Cultural ecology

A

The study of how humans interact or adapt to their environment

35
Q

Determinism

A

Belief that climate and landforms are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior and society/cultural development

36
Q

Possibilism

A

Acknowledges the limitations imposed by the natural environment, but ficuses on the role of human culture to modify and respond the the environment to better fit human needs

37
Q

Scales of analysis

A

Zooming in and out to tell a story

38
Q

Small scale maps

A

Large area with small amount of data

39
Q

Large scale maps

A

Small area with large amounts of data

40
Q

Regions

A

Places that have one or more unifying characteristics (human or physical) or patterns of activity

41
Q

Formal region

A

United by one or more specific traits

42
Q

Economic region

A

Same currency

43
Q

Social region

A

People of same culture

44
Q

Political region

A

Formal boundaries (states)

45
Q

Environmental region

A

Separated by environmental factors

46
Q

Functional region

A

Organized around a central node, relationship is typically based around economics, travel, or communication

47
Q

Perceptual/vernacular region

A

Based on a person’s perception of location
Informal, boundaries vary

AP Human Geography (2 decks)

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