Unit 1

Question 1

What’s the purpose of Sociology?

Answer 1

The impact of society on human behavior

Question 2

What are the goals of the sociological perspective?

Answer 2

Finding group patterns and behavior in a systematic way and proving them through scientific observation

Question 3

Functional Perspective

Answer 3

Working together to advance society’s goals and system

Question 4

Conflict perspective

Answer 4

Those in power working to maintain their power, while the masses try to get it

Question 5

Symbolic perspective

Answer 5

Putting symbolic meanings on society which gives meaning to peoples lives ie. religion, marriage

Question 6

Function

Answer 6

What something is supposed to do

Question 7

Latent function

Answer 7

It is unintended effects of actions Ex. Going to school leads to socializing

Question 8

Manifest function

Answer 8

It is intended results of an action Ex. Going to school leads to education

Question 9

Key component of culture?

Answer 9

Language

Question 10

Definition of Culture

Answer 10

A way of life for an entire group of people

Question 11

Definition of Society

Answer 11

A group of interdependent people who have organized, common culture, feelings of unity, and group identity

Question 12

What are some components of culture?

Answer 12

Food, religion, language, clothing, customs, holidays, government

Question 13

How do our values define our norms and laws?

Answer 13

They tells us what’s good and bad; Our values are legislated

Question 14

More

Answer 14

Mores are norms that have moral consequences; breaking the law, stealing

Question 15

Folkways

Answer 15

Folkways are norms that do not have moral consequences; walking on the wrong side of the hallway

Question 16

Norms

Answer 16

Shared rules of expected conduct that tell people how to act in certain situations; stop when your being pulled over

Question 17

Values

Answer 17

Shared beliefs about what is good or bad; going vs not going to church very Sunday

Question 18

Subculture

Answer 18

They adhere to the norms of society, just modified to fit a culture

Question 19

Counterculture

Answer 19

Define themselves by what they’re against, oppose the mainstream

Question 20

Ethnocentrism

Answer 20

Judging another culture through norms of your own - “My culture is better than another”

Question 21

Cultural relativism

Answer 21

The idea that a persons beliefs and practices should be understood based on that persons culture - It makes people more accepting

Question 22

Cultural diffusion

Answer 22

The spread of elements from one culture to another- leads to cultural leavening; cultures become more similar

Question 23

6 causes of cultural change

Answer 23

Values develop, technology advances, population changes, cultural diffusion, war and conquest, physical and environmental changes

Question 24

Cultural resistors

Answer 24

Ethnocentrism, bested interests, cultural lag

Question 25

Positive vs Negative Sanctions

Answer 25

Both are meant to reinforce norms
Positive- Support a behavior
Negative- Deter a behavior

Question 26

Formal vs Informal Sanctions

Answer 26

Formal Ex. Receiving an award, detention
Informal Ex. Pat on the back, getting criticized