Pelvic girdle consists of:
Bony pelvis- Sacrum & innominate (ilium, ischium, pubis), hip joint, gluteal region, muscles of region
Pelvis consists of:
Sacrum, coccyx, Innominate bones
7 joints in the pelvis?
- Lumbo-sacral
- Sacroiliac (2)
- Sacro-coccygeal
- Symphysis pubis
- Hip joints (2)
What are the functions of the pelvis?
- supports the abdomen
- links vertebral column to the lower limbs
- transmits forces from the lower limbs to the vertebral column through trabecular systems
Femoral anteversion at birth?
Between 30-40 degrees
Femoral anteversion in adults?
Between 8-15 degrees
Males have slightly less than females
Normal Anteversion
Normal: slight amount of anteversion compensated by natural external torsion of tibia
- allows feet to remain facing forward
Excessive anteversion
May walk with toes pointing in if no other compensations
-PROM: will appear to have increased IR and lack ER
Retroversion
Opposite of anteversion
Toes pointing out if no other compensations
- PROM will appear to have increased ER and lack IR
Craig’s Test (Ryder Method)
- patient lays prone with knees flexed to 90 degrees
- palpate posterior aspect of Greater Trochanter
- passively rotate hip until trochanter is in position of most prominence ( trochanter should be parallel to table)
- determine angle between shaft of tibia and perpendicular to floor is determined
If the angle is greater than 15-18 degrees in a Craig’s test, what does this signify?
More anteversion present ( hip is in IR)
If the angle is less than 5-8 degrees in a Craig’s Test, what does this signify?
More retroversion present (hip in ER)
What is the normal angle between the neck of femur and shaft?
125 degrees
Coxa Vara
Decreased angle of inclination
Shaft of femur is angled medically (Varus)
Less than 120 degrees
Coxa Valga
Abnormally Increased angle of inclination
Shaft of femur is angled laterally (valgus)
greater than 135 degrees
Effects of hip position
Affects the mechanics of the lower kinetic chain and vice versa
Muscles that do external rotation of the hip? (P GO GO Q)
- piriformis
- gemellus superior
- obturator internus
- gemellus inferior
- Obturator externus
- quadratus femoris
