Unit 1

Question 1

Champa rice

Answer 1

Champa rice is a quick-maturing, drought resistant rice that can allow two harvests per growing season.

Question 2

Proto-Industrialization

Answer 2

the phase of industrialization that was not based on the factory system

Question 3

Artisans

Answer 3

An artisan is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand

Question 4

Scholar Gentry

Answer 4

politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties. They accumulated wealth from the land and the privilege that they derived as government officials.

Question 5

Filial piety

Answer 5

the attitude of obedience, devotion, and care toward one’s parents and elder family members that is the basis of individual moral conduct and social harmony

Question 6

Grand Canal

Answer 6

Canal built in order to easily ship grain from the rich farmland in southern China to the populated northern parts. It also helped to greatly increase commerce and trade.

Question 7

Imperial Bureaucracy

Answer 7

a Chinese organization in which appointed officials enforced/carried out the policies of the empire.

Question 8

Tribute

Answer 8

a network of loose international relations focused on China which facilitated trade and foreign relations by acknowledging China’s predominant role in East Asia.

Question 9

Meritocracy

Answer 9

government or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability

Question 10

Know-tow

Answer 10

kneel and touch the ground with the forehead in worship or submission as part of Chinese custom.

Question 11

Foot-binding

Answer 11

the Chinese custom of breaking and tightly binding the feet of young girls in order to change the shape and size of their feet; during the time it was practiced, bound feet were considered a status symbol and a mark of beauty

Question 12

Buddhism

Answer 12

religion and philosophy that developed from the teachings of the Buddha; Spreading from India to Central and Southeast Asia, China, Korea, and Japan, Buddhism has played a central role in the spiritual, cultural, and social life of Asia

Question 13

Syncretic

Answer 13

the combining of different beliefs and various schools of thought. It involves the blending of several originally discrete traditions, especially in religion.

Question 14

Neo-Confucianism

Answer 14

The synthesis of Taoism and Buddhist spirituality around the core of Confucianism

Question 15

Nuclear Family

Answer 15

a couple and their dependent children, regarded as a basic social unit.

Question 16

Polygyny

Answer 16

Polygyny is the most common and accepted form of polygamy, entailing the marriage of a man with several women

Question 17

Mamluks

Answer 17

a term most commonly referring to non-Arab, ethnically diverse slave-soldiers and freed slaves to which were assigned military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab dynasties in the Muslim world

Question 18

Seljuk Turks

Answer 18

a (Muslim) dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to 14th centuries.

Question 19

Sultan

Answer 19

a Muslim sovereign (king)

Question 20

Mongols

Answer 20

a native or inhabitant of Mongolia, whose empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history and the second largest empire by landmass

Question 21

Muhammad

Answer 21

Muhammad was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of the world religion of Islam. He is believed by Muslims to Allah’s (God’s) last prophet.

Question 22

Crusades

Answer 22

a series of religious wars initiated and supported by the Medieval Catholic Church, with the objective of liberating the Holy Land (Jerusalem) and its surrounding areas, in the period between 1095 and 1291, from Islamic rule.

Question 23

House of Wisdom

Answer 23

a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center

Question 24

Proselytize

Answer 24

the act or fact of religious conversion, and it also includes actions which invite such conversion. It is seen as a form of involuntary forced conversion through bribery, coercion, or violence

Question 25

Bhakti Movement

Answer 25

the trend that was brought forward by a number of Hindu saints in medieval Hinduism that sought to bring religious reforms by adopting the method of devotion to achieve salvation.

Question 26

Urdu

Answer 26

an Indic language closely related to Hindi but written in the Persian script and having many loanwords from Persian and Arabic. It is the official language of Pakistan, and is also widely used in India and elsewhere