Unit 0 Vocab Flashcards
Hinduism
One of the earliest religions which emerged in India and believes in the reincarnation (rebirth) of the soul.
Judaism
The monotheistic religion of the ancient Hebrews.
Buddhism
Another religion which emerged in South Asia and served as the most influential
factor in the development of this region.
Confucianism
NOT a true religion as it does not focus upon any deity? Instead, it focused upon
traits such as education, benevolence, virtue, respect for authority, filial piety, and a
patriarchal social structure.
Christianity
The monotheistic religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
Islam
The religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through
Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.
Dar al-Islam
Meaning, “House of Islam” and referring to the regions under Islamic control
Shinto
A Japanese religion incorporating the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.
Patriarchy
A system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the
family and descent is traced through the male line.
Matriarchy
A system of society or government ruled by a woman or women.
Shogun
A hereditary commander in chief ( military general) in feudal Japan.
Agriculture revolution
This great CHANGE marked the transition in human history from small, nomadic
bands of hunter-gatherers to larger, agricultural settlements and early civilization.
Monsoon winds
The seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the
southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. The season during which the
southwest monsoon blows, commonly marked by heavy rains.
Silk roads
The land routes connecting East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the
Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe.
Indian Ocean trade routes
Trade routes connecting Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and East Africa, beginning at
least as early as the third century BCE. This vast international web of routes linked all
of those areas as well as Bast Asia (particularly China).
Trans- Saharan trade routes
Trade routes connecting West Africa, North Africa (and the Mediterranean Sea), and
East Africa.
City- state
A self-governing city and its surrounding territory.
Mandate of Heaven
A Chinese political and religious teaching that was used in ancient and imperial
China to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China.
Byzantine empire
Also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, it was the continuation of the
Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during the Middle Ages, when its capital city
was Constantinople (modern Istanbul).
Roman Empire
At its height (c. 117 CE), this was the most extensive political and social structure in
all of western civilization.
Persian empire
Political entity centered in what is today’s Iran from the 6th century BC; also known
as the Achaemenid Empire.
Abbasid caliphate
The third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a
dynasty descended from Muhammad’s uncle, Abbas in Abdul-Muttalib (566-653
CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name and is recognized for leading the Islamic
world through their golden age.
Tang Dynasty
This dynasty saw the birth of paper money and gunpowder and the beginning of
China’s golden age.
Song Dynasty
This dynasty also oversaw the continuation of the golden age in China, and also
seeing China becoming the leading manufacturer in the world, with the world’s
largest cities.
Ghana
Kingdom which was located in present-day Mauritania and western Mali in Africa.
The kingdom was a very wealthy kingdom for numerous reasons, one of the reasons
being the Trans-Saharan Trade.
