Unit 0 Vocab

Question 1

Hinduism

Answer 1

One of the earliest religions which emerged in India and believes in the reincarnation (rebirth) of the soul.

Question 2

Judaism

Answer 2

The monotheistic religion of the ancient Hebrews.

Question 3

Buddhism

Answer 3

Another religion which emerged in South Asia and served as the most influential
factor in the development of this region.

Question 4

Confucianism

Answer 4

NOT a true religion as it does not focus upon any deity? Instead, it focused upon
traits such as education, benevolence, virtue, respect for authority, filial piety, and a
patriarchal social structure.

Question 5

Christianity

Answer 5

The monotheistic religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth

Question 6

Islam

Answer 6

The religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through
Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

Question 7

Dar al-Islam

Answer 7

Meaning, “House of Islam” and referring to the regions under Islamic control

Question 8

Shinto

Answer 8

A Japanese religion incorporating the worship of ancestors and nature spirits.

Question 9

Patriarchy

Answer 9

A system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the
family and descent is traced through the male line.

Question 10

Matriarchy

Answer 10

A system of society or government ruled by a woman or women.

Question 11

Shogun

Answer 11

A hereditary commander in chief ( military general) in feudal Japan.

Question 12

Agriculture revolution

Answer 12

This great CHANGE marked the transition in human history from small, nomadic
bands of hunter-gatherers to larger, agricultural settlements and early civilization.

Question 13

Monsoon winds

Answer 13

The seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the
southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. The season during which the
southwest monsoon blows, commonly marked by heavy rains.

Question 14

Silk roads

Answer 14

The land routes connecting East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the
Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe.

Question 15

Indian Ocean trade routes

Answer 15

Trade routes connecting Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and East Africa, beginning at
least as early as the third century BCE. This vast international web of routes linked all
of those areas as well as Bast Asia (particularly China).

Question 16

Trans- Saharan trade routes

Answer 16

Trade routes connecting West Africa, North Africa (and the Mediterranean Sea), and
East Africa.

Question 17

City- state

Answer 17

A self-governing city and its surrounding territory.

Question 18

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 18

A Chinese political and religious teaching that was used in ancient and imperial
China to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China.

Question 19

Byzantine empire

Answer 19

Also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, it was the continuation of the
Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during the Middle Ages, when its capital city
was Constantinople (modern Istanbul).

Question 20

Roman Empire

Answer 20

At its height (c. 117 CE), this was the most extensive political and social structure in
all of western civilization.

Question 21

Persian empire

Answer 21

Political entity centered in what is today’s Iran from the 6th century BC; also known
as the Achaemenid Empire.

Question 22

Abbasid caliphate

Answer 22

The third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a
dynasty descended from Muhammad’s uncle, Abbas in Abdul-Muttalib (566-653
CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name and is recognized for leading the Islamic
world through their golden age.

Question 23

Tang Dynasty

Answer 23

This dynasty saw the birth of paper money and gunpowder and the beginning of
China’s golden age.

Question 24

Song Dynasty

Answer 24

This dynasty also oversaw the continuation of the golden age in China, and also
seeing China becoming the leading manufacturer in the world, with the world’s
largest cities.

Question 25

Ghana

Answer 25

Kingdom which was located in present-day Mauritania and western Mali in Africa.
The kingdom was a very wealthy kingdom for numerous reasons, one of the reasons
being the Trans-Saharan Trade.