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AP US History > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Reasons Europe Moves Toward Exploration

A

Improvements in Technology, Religious Conflict, Expanding Trade, Developing NationStates

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2
Q

Discovering North and South America

A

Land Bridge-Native Population; Vikings; Christopher Columbus

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3
Q

Cultures in North America

A

Native Americans lived mostly in semi-permanent settlements in small populations; men:hunted, fought, built; women: gathered, food, children

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4
Q

Great Plains Tribes

A

Nomadic Tribes who hunted Buffalo

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5
Q

Pueblos

A

complex society that built multi-story dwellings

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6
Q

Iroquois

A

Iroquois Confederation or League of Confederation: political confederation of tribes to protect against other tribes and Europe. Located in Northern Part of N. America. Have to deal with early settlers

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7
Q

Aztecs

A

Complex society in central Mexico

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8
Q

Incas

A

Complex society in Peru

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9
Q

Columbus

A

1492; Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored him; came in early fall to the Bahamas, thought it was India

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10
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

exchange of new goods between Europe and Natives: crops, disease, spices, slaves

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11
Q

Treaty of Tordesilias

A

Spain and Portugal initiate exploration; both are Catholic and start competing; the Pope divides the New World between these countries; called Line of Demarcation; West of Line-Spain; East of Line-Portugal

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12
Q

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

A

1513; Crosses Isthmus of Panama to get to Pacific

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13
Q

Juan Ponce de Leon

A

1513; Florida looking for Fountain of Youth

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14
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

1520; sailing around the world

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15
Q

Herman Cortes

A

Mexico

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16
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

1532; Peru

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17
Q

Hernando de Soto

A

1539-1542; Florida and part of the Mississippi River

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18
Q

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

A

1540-1542; New Mexico-Kansas

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19
Q

Conquistadors

A

Spanish explorers who bring riches to Spain

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20
Q

Encomienda System

A

Spanish gov allowed colonists to enslave natives as long as they converted them

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21
Q

Asiento System

A

Spanish gov gave permission to other countries to sell slaves to Spanish Colonies

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22
Q

New England Colonies

A

Mass,RI, Conn, NH

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23
Q

Middle Colonies

A

NY,NJ,Delaware,Penn and products were grain, livestock, iron and rice

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24
Q

Southern Colonies

A

VA, Maryland, NC, SC, Georgia, products: tobacco,indigo, rice, farm products, furs

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25
Q

Chesapeake Colonies

A

Maryland, Virginia

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26
Q

Restoration Colonies

A

Carolinas, NY, NJ, Penn, Delaware

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27
Q

Corporate Charter

A

given to corporations, businesses, joint-stock

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28
Q

Royal Charter

A

area is still controlled by the crown

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29
Q

Proprietary Charter

A

given to individuals from the king

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30
Q

Jamestown

A

first permanent English colony 1607

31
Q

Timeline of Jamestown 1

A

King James gives charter, 1606 Christopher Newport sails, arrives 4 months later then told to set up

32
Q

Instructions

A

Go 100 miles inland, be on river, be on island, open area, low moist area, they chose a bad area because there was wildlife, bugs, bad land for bathrooms and houses, water doesn’t move and feces could seep into drinking water; lots of English gentlemen who didn’t want to work; will eventually move

33
Q

Activites

A

Build a fort, clear lands, search for gold, no time allotted for searching for resources

34
Q

1608

A

Newport goes back for supplies and John Smith becomes leader

35
Q

John Smith

A

he thou shall not work, shall not eat

36
Q

Population after 1 spring

A

40 left out of 100

37
Q

later part of 1608

A

Newport returns with 70 men and 2 women

38
Q

1609

A

Virginia company expands and sends 2 ships with 800 men and women

39
Q

the ships

A

one had supplies and the other had people

40
Q

fate of the ships

A

supplies gets stuck in bermuda and extra men come

41
Q

Winter of 1609-1610

A

Starving time; people had no food, no supplies, 60/400 survive, cannabalism occurs

42
Q

1610

A

other ship returns and military law is instituted; Thomas West becomes governor

43
Q

1610-1614

A

first Anglo-Powhatan War

44
Q

1614

A

peace with the Powhatan tribe; marriage of teen aged Pocahantes and John Rolfe helped

45
Q

What will become the major crop of Jamestown

A

tobacco, the brown gold

46
Q

What happened when tobacco supply increased

A

price went down

47
Q

in 1619

A

more women will come and develop permanent ties, Dutch bring the 1st shipment of slave to Jamestown; House of Burgesses will be established

48
Q

1622

A

Pocahantas dies which causes peace with the tribe to fall apart

49
Q

1624

A

Jamestown becomes a royal colony

50
Q

1644-1646

A

second anglo-powhatan war

51
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Separtists or Pilgrims (broke up with Puritans)

52
Q

Puritans wanted

A

to purify the Anglecan Church while Separatists wanted to separate

53
Q

1620

A

suppossed to go to Virginia but end up in Plymouth;

54
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

signed by all passengers, sets up direct democracy

55
Q

Spring Population

A

50

56
Q

Governor of Plymouth Colony

A

William Bradford

57
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

John Winthrop wanted to create a city on a hill or a utopia which other cities will model after

58
Q

March 1630

A

about 700 settlers come with a charter from the king; 500 survive until next spring

59
Q

The Great Migration

A

1640; thousands of Puritans will come to Massachusetts Bay Colony

60
Q

Society within Massachusetts: Gov

A

ideas of town meetings and general asembly

61
Q

Society within Massachusetts: Education

A

key because Puritans have to be able to read the bible; Harvard established 1636 which goes with the saying that war was planned in the north, fought in the south, and won by the french. north planned b/c they were litterate

62
Q

Society within Massachusetts: Church

A

not religiously tolerant; lack of openess

63
Q

Reasons for pop decline

A

young people started to leave and survival rate was low

64
Q

Conversion Process

A

allowed young people to be converted; supposed to help with pop decline

65
Q

Halfway Convenant

A

allowed everyone to sacrements and communion and children of saints did not have to be converted

66
Q

1692

A

Salem Witch Trials

67
Q

RI

A

Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson; separation of church and state; freedom of religion

68
Q

Conn

A

Thomas Hooke; Fundamental Orders of Conneticut: first written constiution in 1639

69
Q

Maryland

A

Lord Baltimore; mostly Catholic; Maryland Toleration Act- allowed for Freedom of Religion for only Christians

70
Q

Carolinas

A

8 Lords Proprietors 1663; Restoration Colony; split in 1729; headright system- get 50 acres of land for paying for an indentured servant or buying stock in a join-stock compant

71
Q

New York

A

first settled by the Dutch; lost land in 1664 during Anglo-Dutch war

72
Q

Pennsylvania

A

William Penn; Quakers; Quakers were very tolerant of other religions; oppositte of Puritans; Hily Experiment; good treatment of Native Americans; Delaware will eventually break away

73
Q

Georgia

A

last colony to be established in 1732; buffer zone; James Oglethrope was the governor; very strict

AP US History (3 decks)

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