Unit 1 Flashcards
The rate of chemical is a measure of what ?
How fast or slow the reaction occurs
What does increasing the concentration of a reaction mixture do
Will speed up rate of reaction
What does decreasing the particle size do
Will speed up the rate of a reaction (lumps react slower than powder)
What does increasing the temperature do
Speed up the rate of the reaction
What does Adding a catalyst do
Will increase the reaction. The catalyst chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction
Only one variable can be changed to ensure a fair comparison
If u are changing the temperature, then everything else must be kept the same (particle size, concentration and volume of reactants)
What is the atomic number
The atomic number is the number of protons
What is the mass number
The mass number is the number of protons + the number of neutrons
The number of electron = the proton
Therefore the atom is neutral overall as the number of positive charges = the the number of negative charger
What is the Protons charge
Positive
Where is the proton located
Necleus
What is the mass of proton
1
What is the charge of a electron
Negative
Where is the electron located
Outside the necleus
What is the mass of the electron
0
What is the charge of neutron
None
Where is the neutron located
Nucleus
What is the mass of neutron
1
Valency
Valency Group 1 = valency 1 Group 2 = valency 2 Group 3 = valency 3 Group 4 = valency 4 Group 5 = valency 3 Group 6 = valency 2 Group 7 = valency 1 Group 8 = valency 0
Formula
Write symbol Write valency Cross over Can it be simplified Write the formula
Mg. Cl
- 1
- 2
MgCl2
Covalent bonding usually non metals
Electrons are shared to achieve full electron shells
Ionic bonding usually between a metal and a non metal
Involves 1 atom donating electrons to another to form charged particle called ions
What a chemical reaction gives out heat what it is known as
Exothermic
When a chemical reaction take in heat it’s known as
Endothermic
Hydrochloric acid
Chlorides
Sulphuric acid
Sulphates
Nitric acid
Nitrates
Phosphoric acid
Phosphates
Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid - sodium chloride + water
Neutralisation reactions
Acid + alkali - salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate - salt+ water + carbon dioxide
What does acid in you diet do
Acid in your diet may rot your teeth and have links to other health problems such as cancer
