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Advanced Biology > Unit 1 (1.1 - 1.11) > Flashcards

Unit 1 (1.1 - 1.11) Flashcards

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1
Q

Organisms with prokaryotic cells are separated into two ___________, Bacteria and Archaea

A

Domains

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2
Q

most of the prokaryotes known as _____________ live in extreme environments such as salty lakes

A

Archaea

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3
Q

All organisms with eukaryotic cells are grouped in domain ________

A

eukarya

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4
Q

__________ are a diverse collection of mostly single-celled eukaryotes that are sorted into several kingdoms to reflect their evolutionary relationships.

A

Protista

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5
Q

Kingdom _____________ consists of multicellular eukaryotes that produce their food by photosynthesis

A

Plantae

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6
Q

Kingdom _____________ includes eukaryotic organisms that mostly decompose organic wastes and absorb nutrients into their cells

A

fungi

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7
Q

Kingdom ____________ consists of multicellular eukaryotes that obtain their food by ingesting (eating) other organisms

A

Animalia

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8
Q

what kingdom can most multicellular photosynthetic organisms be found?

A

Plantae

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9
Q

a pesticide kills 95% of a pest population. What will be the result of the continued application of this pesticide?

A

Over time, the pesticide will become less effective at killing the pest

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10
Q

Animals with the traits best suited to the environment survive

A

examples of natural selection

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11
Q

can obtain their food by eating other organisms

A

kingdom Animalia

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12
Q

what is the molecular commonality that is the basis of life’s variety?

A

DNA

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13
Q

what do all bacteria have in common?

A

all bacteria lack a nucleus

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14
Q

DNA carries genetic information from generation to generation

A

Darwin’s theories of evolution by natural selection

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15
Q

a proposed explanation for a set of observations

A

hypothesis

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16
Q

an explanation of an idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence

A

Theory

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17
Q

To be a value to science, a hypothesis must be…

A

testable

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18
Q

me hypothesizing that my car battery is dead or if it rains on Monday, then it will rain all week, are examples of what

A

inductive reasoning

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19
Q

scientists use a general process known as ________________ to ask and answer questions about nature

A

scientific inquiry

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20
Q

using a type of logic known as ________________, a generalized conclusion that can often be drawn from a large number of specific observations.

A

inductive reasoning

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21
Q

_________ uses “if…then” logic to proceed from a general hypothesis to specific predictions of results that can be expected if the general premise is true.

A

Deductive Reasoning

21
Q

a ______________ is a proposed explanation for a set of observations. It leads to predictions that can be tested by additional observations or by experiments.

A

Hypothesis

22
Q

a hypothesis must be testable and ________

A

falsifiable

23
Q

there must be some observation or experiment that could show that _____________ is not true

A

a hypothesis

24
Q

A ________ involves both an experimental group and a control group, which are alike except for the one variable that the experiment is designed to test

A

Controlled Experiment

25
Q

A __________ is broader in scope than a hypothesis, is supported by a large body of evidence, and generates many new hypotheses

A

Theory

26
Q

The role of a control in an experiment is to

A

Provide a basis for comparison to the experimental group

27
Q

Prokaryotes characteristics

A
  • Think “Pro-No”
  • DO NOT have a nucleus
  • DO NOT have membrane-bound
    organelles
  • Generally smaller and simpler

Examples: Bacteria

28
Q

only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cells.

A

Ribosomes

29
Q

Eukaryotes characteristis

A
  • Sounds like “you and carrots→animals and plants”)
  • DO have nuclei
  • DO have membrane-bound
    organelles
  • Generally bigger and more complexExamples: Protists, Fungi, Pants,
    and Animals
30
Q

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms represent a what?

A

community

31
Q

In an ecosystem, energy _____________________________________

A

typically flows from producers through a series of consumers

32
Q

During a discussion about ecosystems, a student says “Plants eat sunlight, and animals eat other organisms.” Restate the sentence to be correct

A

plants don’t eat sunlight; they use it to make sugars

33
Q

Can obtain their food by eating other organisms

A

members of the kingdom Animalia

34
Q

all cells have ___________

A

a cell membrane

35
Q

A property of life known as energy processing refers to the fact that living things ____________.

A

obtain energy from their environment and use it to power their own activities and chemical

36
Q

all of the red oak trees in a forest an examples of what

A

a population

37
Q

at which level of interaction does life first appear

A

cell

38
Q

algae, bird, earthworm is the order of what

A

producer, consumer, decomposer.

39
Q

the chemical energy used by most organisms for metabolism and growth ultimately comes from __________

A

the sun

40
Q

what is the molecular commonality that is the basis of life’s variety?

A

DNA

41
Q

the scientific study of life, called _______________, can be organized around several themes

A

Biology

42
Q

as the biological hierarchy builds from molecules on up to ecosystems, each level has _______________ that result from interactions among component parts.

A

emergent properties

43
Q

Life basic unit of ____________, is the cell, which occurs in two basic forms-prokaryotic and eukaryotic

A

Structure and function

44
Q

As organisms interact with the environment, ___________________ cycles within an ecosystem

A

chemical nutrients

45
Q

_________________ flows one way from sunlight > chemical energy > heat.

A

Energy

46
Q

according to the core theme of _____________, all of life is related by common descent

A

evolution

47
Q

Life has diversified as ________________, which has led to the gradual accumulation of adaptations that fit populations to the environment

A

natural selection

48
Q

simplest of most complex biological organization

A

Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere

49
Q

what process occurs in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells

A

digestion of large organic molecules within lysosomes

Advanced Biology (5 decks)

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