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NUR 103 > UNIT 1 > Flashcards

UNIT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

antitussive
take 20 mins before sleep when used for insomnia
avoid sugarless gum to prevent dry mouth
decreases extrapyramidal reaction make sure to check before and after admin
caution with <4 y.o
IM
over 75mg can initiate seizures.
what should you monitor ?

A

Benadryl

Diphenhydramine

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2
Q 
Benzodizepine 
Short term sedation
post op amnesia
termination of seizures activty 
IV monitor BP,Pulse,RR
Fall risk after 24 hrs admn 
can cause drowsiness 
prevent anxiety to sedation
monitor breathing
 can cause amnesia
A

Midazolam

Nayzilam, Versed

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3
Q 
Benzodiazpine 
known for potential abuse
short term use 
does not cure underlying issue
decreases anxiety
assist with sleep 
alcoholics may use to help w/withdrwl 
do not mix w/other drugs 
adm 2 hrs prior to surgery
A

Lorazepam

Ativan

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4
Q 
slows progression of Alzhemiers 
does not cure
LOC checked prior and during ttmt
can cause dizziness
(Fall Precaution)
take in 5 mg and increase after 3 months up to 23mg 
take whole
s/s overdose - N/V diahreaa, change in stool
A

Aricept

Donepezil

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5
Q

Mood stabilizer
drink 2-3k ML a day
asses for suicidal ideation
lab work of renal, thyroid and diff cbc , electro, glucose periodaclly
tremors, lack loc = toxicity
can cause teratogenic causing disturbance to embryo/fetus

A

Lithium

Carbolith

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6
Q

txt’s symptoms of Bipolar 1 disorder, mania and autism
asses BMI before and during therapy
asses suicidal ideation
mood stabilizer
can cause extrapyramidal reactions
monitor for hyperglycemia
has been approved for younger children by FDA

A

Risperidone

Risperdal

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7
Q 
Anticonvulsant 
Benzodiazepine 
asses mental state 
yellowing of skin indicates toxicity 
carry id card
decreases panic attacks 
panic attack to be reported 
lab work needs to be done during therapy.
A

Klonopin

Clonazepam

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8
Q

Blocks the effects of opioids in previously dependent patients.
Reduces alcohol-dependent behavior
comes in pre-filled syringes
need to be free of drug 7-14 days to medication
check liver function prior and during
report any abd pain yellowing of eye= hepatitis
admin q 4 wk or monthly
does not eliminate withdrawl symptoms

A

Vivitrol

Naltrexone

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9
Q 
management of alcoholism 
take in PM due to drowsiness
check all other meds for alcohol
alcohol free 14 days prior and during
unpleaseant reaction blurred vision, chest pain, fainting, fast hb, flushed of face, trouble breathing.
A

Antabuse

Disulfiram

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10
Q

ttmt for parkinson and alzheimers disease
transdermal
not a cure
Mild-moderate hepatic impairment–Do not exceed dose of 4.6 mg/24 hr.
result in a week or up to a month do not stop
LOC checked prior and during ttmt
include both pt and caregiver

A

Exelon

Rivastigmine

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11
Q 
can cause dependence 
benzodiazepine 
muscle relaxant 
IV - monitor Bp,Hr,RR
monitor for 3hr after paranteral adm 
febrile seizure prophylactic
A

Valium

Diazepam

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12
Q

when do you start Antabuse

A

12 days free of alcohol

omce a day, PO

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13
Q

reportable symptoms of antabuse?

A 
excessive tiredness 
Weakness
Lack of energy 
Loss of appetite
Upset stomach 
Vomiting 
Yellowness of the skin or eyes
Dark urine
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14
Q

what are possible exposure to alcohol ?

antabuse

A

paint fumes, paint thinner, varnish shellac, products containing alcohol
hand sanitizer
test on skin if no reaction safe to use

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15
Q

how can a nurse educate a teacher about ADHD client ?

A 
Positive reinforcement 
Rewards for good behavior 
Age appropiate consequences. 
allow more time for testing
verbal instructions w/visual cues
collaborate w/school nurse
place in a room w/order and rules
include regular breaks
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16
Q

tolerance?

A

normal adaptation to long-term use of a drug

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17
Q

physical dependence ?

A

body and brain has adpated to the presence of a drug so that it is needed for normal function

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18
Q

addiction?

A

known as Psychological dependence disease of brain that causes compulsive pursuit of drug

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19
Q

pseudoaddiction ?

A

misinterpretation of addiction for those seeking pain relief

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20
Q

what are the types of opioid dependence?

A

tolerance
physiological dependence
psychological dependence aka addiction
pseudoaddiction

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21
Q

who are most likely to commit suicide?

A 
females
LBTG+ members 
military personeel 
corbid mental ill pts
older male adults
adolescents
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22
Q

what should a nurse do if pt says they want to kill themselves ?

A

identify the suicide plan
The priority assessment is to determine how lethal the method is, how available the method is, and how detailed the plan is.

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23
Q

what is the priority for suicide clients?

A

safety

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24
Q

how many stages of Alzheimers disease are there ?

A

7

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25
Q

early stage of Alzheimers?

A

no apparent manifestation

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26
Q

What is stage 2 of AD?

A

forgetfulness of items

no memory problems

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27
Q

what is stage 3 of AD?

A

mild to moderate

inability to plan , pat attention, unable to remember names, difficulty in social or work situations

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28
Q

what is stage 4 of AD?

A 
mild to moderate cognitive decline
withdrawn
obvious memory loss
limited knowledge
difficulty planning/organizing
depression
social withdrawl
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29
Q

what is stage 5 of AD?

A 
moderate cognitive decline
unable to recall important info
ex: addresses, telephone, schools
assistance with ADL's
disorientation 
confusion to time and place
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30
Q

what is stage 6 of AD?

A 
Moderate to Severe(late stage)
loss of awareness to recent events
can recall name but not hx
personality changes 
wandering
assistance with adls
sleep cycle disrupted
increase incontinence
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31
Q

what is stage 7 of AD?

A 
Sever decline 
inability to respond to envoirment 
inability to speak, movement is lost 
incontinence 
inability to eat w/o assistance 
impaired swallowing 
ataxia
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32
Q

what can cause problem with older adults on dosing?

A

risk for toxic reactions,
risk for adverse drug reaction due to multiple prescribed drugs,
everything in older adults diminishes GI,
inability to exert drugs

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33
Q

what can cause problem with peds in dosing?

A

not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in pediatric populations, cause toxicity and multiple deaths,

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34
Q

dosing problem with infants?

A

Neonate and infant- absorption may be incomplete or altered secondary to differences in gastric pH or motility.

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35
Q

what are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

deficit or lose of normal function

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36
Q

what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A 
hallucinations
delusions 
Boundary Impairment
Disorganized Speech
Disorganized Thinking
Disorganized Behavior
Catatonic Behavior
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37
Q

what kind of relationship should the nurse establish with schizo pts?

A

Establish a therapeutic rapport with the patient, Convey acceptance and unconditional positive regard for the patient.Assure the patient of his or her safety.
Offer to accompany patient to milieu activities.Acknowledge the patient’s efforts to interact and attend activities.

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38
Q

what are treatments for schizophrenia ?

A 
antipsychotic 
psychotherapy
family education
social skills and therapy
anticholingernic agents to control side effects
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39
Q

what is phase 1 of schizoprenia?

A

Schizoid personality
social maladjustment, antagonistic thoughts and behavior, shy and withdrawn, poor peer relationships, doing poorly in school, antisocial behavior

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40
Q

what is phase 2 of schizoprenia ?

A
  1. Prodromal phase.Affected people continue to be socially withdrawn and begin to show behavior that is peculiar or eccentric. Role functioning is impaired, personal hygiene is neglected, and disturbances are evident in communication, ideation, and perception.
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41
Q

phase III - schizophrenia?

A

3.
Schizophrenia.This is the third and active phase of the disorder. Psychotic symptoms are prominent and include delusions, hallucinations, and impairment in work, social relations, and self-car

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42
Q

phase IV schizophrenia?

A

4.Residual phase.symptoms similar to those of the prodromal phase, flat affect and impairment in role functioning are prominent(negative symptoms)

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43
Q

what are safety measures for dementia clients?

A

Safe envoirment w/
Frequent monitoring
Keep clients away from stairs, elevators, exits.
Remove or secure dangerous items wthin clients enviorment.
Provide frequent walks.
Structured envoirment

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44
Q

what happens if anxiety goes unnoticied?

A

It is important to identify anxiety and intervene at lower levels, before escalation to severe or panic anxiety levels.
Can lead to harm to self and suicide

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45
Q

what is physiological dependence

A

Physical dependence is when a person has a chemical need for the drug.

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46
Q

what is psychological dependence ?

A

disease of the brain that causes the compulsive pursuit of a substance or behavior to obtain reward or relief from craving.

47
Q

which is harder to treat physiological or psychological ?

A

psychological

48
Q

Alert pt ?

A

responsive and able to fully respond

49
Q

lethargic pt?

A

able to open eyes and respond but drowsy and falls asleep

50
Q

stuporous pt?

A

patient requires painful stimuli to wake up and might not be able to respond

51
Q

Comatose pt ?

A

unconscious and does not respont to painful stimuli

52
Q

who is does the samaritan law not apply to

A

emergency response workers

Healthcare staff

53
Q

s/s of depression in preschool children

A

weight loss, lack of interest in play w/age group

54
Q

s/s of depression in school-aged children?

A

trouble concentrating at school, paying attention, making decision, recalling information, less confident, stating “ I cant do anything right

55
Q

s/s of depression in adolescents?

A

poor hygiene, stop communicating w/friends, lose interest in teen activites, risk for suicidal thoughts, depression more common in girls than boys.

56
Q

what is delirium ?

A

large amounts of alcohol suddenly stop can cause delerium tremens

57
Q

how is delirium treated?

A

hospitilization for pt safety
ativan
therapy

58
Q

Agnosia ?

A

failure to recognize or identify objects

59
Q

Amnesia?

A

loss of memory caused by brain degeneration

60
Q

Aphasia?

A

language disturbance in understanding and expressing the spoken words

61
Q

Apraxia?

A

inability to perform motor activities

62
Q

what are potential causes for alzheimers?

A 
advanced age 
Chemical imbalances
Family HX
Genetic predisposition
Envoirmental agents
Previous head injury
Sex
Ethnicity/race.
63
Q

what are some testing for Alzheimers ?

A

No defiinitve diagnostic procedure
Some procedures include- MRI, CT, CAT,PET, EEG
**Lumbar puncture of spinal fluid- presence of low leves of sBPP support diagnosis of AD. **

64
Q

s/s for mania disorder ?

A

elevated mood, expansive and irritable;
requires hospitilzation,
last for 1 week.

65
Q

s/s for hypomania?

A

last 4 days accompanied w/3or more manifestions of mania. No Hospital req.
blunted labile effect

66
Q

what to educate teacher with a pt who has autism?

A 
Reineforce communication. 
Increase social awareness 
Decrease unnacpt behaviors
Set realistic goals
Set clear rules
Promote positive reinforcement.
Decrease enviormental stimulation
Assist w/nutritional need
Introduce to new situations slowly 
Commnuitcate at an age–appropriate level
67
Q

what is anorexia ?

A

Fear of gaining weight

68
Q

what is bulimia ?

A

Client eats a great deal of calories and follows with purging behaviors of enema or vomiting

69
Q

what is associative looseness?

A

inability to concentrate on a single thought

flight of ideas

70
Q

what is neologism?

A

made up words that have meaning only to client

71
Q

what is Echolalia ?

A

repetition of words spoken to them

72
Q

what is clang association?

A

meaningless rhyming of words

“fox,box,lox”

73
Q

what is word salad?

A

words jumbled together with little meaning to the listener

“hip hooray, the flip is cast and wide sprinting in the forest”

74
Q

what is Circumstantiality ?

A

multiple and unneeded details during a conversation

can talk about weather and outfit when asked plan for the day.

75
Q

what is Tangentiality?

A

talks about trivial information rather than focus on the main topic of conversation;
can talk about lunch when asked about meds

76
Q

what are some risk factors for ADHD ?

A 
Familial Tendency 
Exposure to toxins or medicines 
Chronic otitis media 
Meningitis 
Head trauma
77
Q

at what age can ADHD be revealed?

A

before age of 7

78
Q

how long should a patient be from opioids before taking Vivitrol?

A

7-14 days

79
Q

how is vivitrol given ?

A

IM

80
Q

who should not take vivitrol ?

A

patients on current opioids

81
Q

can IM vivtrol cause a reaction?

A

yes, contact dr if not cleared in 2 wks

82
Q

how much fluid should a pt take on lithium?

A

2000-3000 ml a day

83
Q

what labs should be done for those on lithium ?

A 
renal
thyroid
wbc diff
serum elect
glucose
84
Q

should the therapeutic levels reach over 2.0 mg when on lithium

A

NO

85
Q

what are the normal therapeutic levels for lithium

A

NR 0.5-1.5 acute

NR 0.6-1.2 Long term

86
Q

what are reportable symptoms when on lithium

A

Fainting
Irregular pulse
Difficulty breathing
Fever, nausea, vomiting.

87
Q

what does ABCDE stand for?

A 
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability 
Exposure
88
Q

what are other ways to assist with Adhd in a classroom?

A 
allow more time for testing
verbal instructions w/visual cues
collaborate w/school nurse
place in a room w/order and rules
include regular breaks 
Positive reinforcement 
Rewards for good behavior 
Age appropiate consequences
89
Q

what are possible exposure to alcohol when on antabuse ?

A 
fumes
paint thinner
varnish shellac
hand sanitzer
anything containing alcohol
90
Q

how long should the pt be free of etoh before taking antabuse ?

A

12 hrs

once a day

91
Q

what are reportable symptoms when on antabuse?

A 
excessive tiredness 
Weakness
Lack of energy 
Loss of appetite
Upset stomach 
Vomiting 
Yellowness of the skin or eyes
Dark urine
92
Q 
can cause dependence 
benzodiazepine 
muscle relaxant
antipsychotic
carry id 
monitor pt for 3hr after parental admn 
when given iv you monitor bp, pulse,RR
A

Valium

Diazepam

93
Q 
transdermal medication
ttmt for Alzheimers and Parkinson disease 
not a cure
monitor hepatic function 
improvement within a week to a month
dose should not exceed 4.6mg/24hr
A

Exelon

Rivastigmine

94
Q 
management of alcoholism 
drowsiness 
unpleasant reactions 
etoh free for 14 days 
inhalation side effects 
advise pt to check other medication for etoh
A

Antabuse

Disulfiram

95
Q 
alcohol treatment 
does not eliminate withdrawl symptoms 
IM
asses mental health 
admin monthly or q 4wks 
asses hepatic function 
pre-filled syringe 
blocks effect of opioid
A

Vivitrol

Naltrexone

96
Q 
anticonvulsant 
benzodiazepine 
asses mental health 
notify any yellowing of the skin 
carry id med card
can decrease panic attacks 
panic attacks should be reported
A

Klonopin

Clonazepam

97
Q 
bipolar 1 disorder 
schizophrenia 
asses BMI prior and during therapy 
asses mental status
mood stabilizer 
can cause extrapryamidal reactions  
has been approved for younger pt by fda
A

Resperidone

Risperdal

98
Q 
mood stabilizer 
pt to take 2-3000 of fluid
unusual movement are signs of toxicity 
asses mental health 
renal and thyroid labs need to be done
can cause teratogenic effect to embyro.
A

Lithium

Carbolith

99
Q 
ttmt for Alzheimers disease 
slow pregression
can cause dizziness
s/s of overdose - v/n, diahrea , change in color of stool
5mg whole tablet 
after 3 months can increase to 23mg 
not a cure
A

Aricept

Donepezil

100
Q 
Benzodiazepine 
short term use only 
decreases anxiety
assist with sleep
can be given IM 2 hr prior to surgery 
ETOH abuse potential
A

Lorazepam

Ativan

101
Q 
Benzodiazepine 
prevention of anxiety to sedation
Iv monitor- BP, HR, RR
fall risk after 24 hr of admin
can cause amnesia, drowsiness, dizziness
A

Midazolam

Nayzilam, Versed

102
Q 
Antitussive 
admin 20 mins before sleep for insomnia 
caution in <4 y.o 
avoid sugarless gum to prevent dry mouth 
IM or PO
over 75mg can increase siezures
monitor airway
use for anaphylactic reaction 
asses for specific use of med
A

Benadryl

Diphenhydramine

103
Q

” i can quit anytime i want to “ ? is what

A

denial

104
Q

a patient forgetting about an appointment they dont what to keep is en example of what defense mechanism?

A

Repression

105
Q

” i failed the test because the teacher wasnt clear about what would be on it “ is an example of what Defense Mech?

A

Rationalization

106
Q

a physically unattractive person who wants to be a model instead becomes a fashion designer is an example of what?

A

Compensation

107
Q

a physically unattractive person who wants to be a model speaks out for eliminating beauty pagents
“oh you mad mad “

A

Reaction Formation

Over Compensation

108
Q

a potty trained child who is hospitalized begins bed wetting is an example of what

A

Regression

109
Q

an anxious person tells the nurse “ why do i make you so nervous “ is an example of what

A

Projection

110
Q

parent who loses a job and then goes home and verbally abuses spouse is an example of what ?

A

Displacement

111
Q

a person who gives a treat to a child who is being punished for a wrongdoing is an example of what?

A

Restitution

112
Q

nausea developing the night before a major exam , causing the person to miss the exam is an example of what ?

A

Conversion Reaction

113
Q

“i cant go to the class reunion tonight , im just so tired i have to sleep “ is an example of what?

A

Avoidance

NUR 103 (3 decks)

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