Unit 02 Instruments PPT Flashcards
idiophone
an instrument the whole of which vibrates to produce a sound when struck, shaken, or scraped. (e.g. hand bell, maraca, xylophone)
membranophone
Membranophones are instruments that make sound from the vibrations of stretched skins or membranes. (e.g. timpani, bongo, snares, tambourine. drums)
aerophone
a musical instrument that produces
sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or membranes, and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding to the sound. (e.g. flute, french horn. tuba, etc)
chordophone
a musical instrument that produce sound from vibrating strings (e.g. strings)
what instrument is this? what type?
flute (aerophone)
what instrument is this? what type?
oboe (aerophone: woodwind)
what instrument is this? what type?
clarinet (aerophone: woodwind)
what instrument is this? what type?
bassoon (aerophone)
what instrument is this? what type?
French horn (aerophone: brass)
what instrument is this? what type?
trumpet (aerophone: brass)
what instrument is this? what type?
trombone (aerophone: brass)
what instrument is this? what type?
tuba (aerophone: brass)
what instrument is this? what type?
timpani (membranophone)
what instrument is this? what type?
cello (chordophone)
what instrument is this? what type?
double bass (chordophone)
what instrument is this? what type?
The highest female voices; sing almost exclusively above middle C (middle C being the C approximately in the middle of the range of the piano)
voice: soprano
what instrument is this? what type?
The lowest female voices; sing in a register around and above middle C
voice: alto
what instrument is this? what type?
The highest male voices; sing in a register around and below middle C
voice: tenor
what instrument is this? what type?
The lowest male voices; sing in a low register, below middle C
voice: bass
what instrument is this? what type?
The middle female voices; the mezzo’s vocal range lies between the soprano and the alto voice types
voice: mezzo-soprano
what instrument is this? what type?
The middle male voices; the baritone’s vocal range lies between the tenor and the bass voice types
voice: baritone
SATB texture
the most common arrangement for an unaccompanied vocal choir; uses 4 of 6 voice types: soprano, alto, tenor, and bass
strings (what are they, how are they played, examples)
Instruments whose sound is produced by setting strings in motion
can be plucked (pizzicato) or picked or bowed
ex: violoncellos, double bass, guitars, harp
woodwinds
Instruments traditionally made of wood whose sound is generated by forcing air through a tube, thus creating a vibrating air column (ex: flute)
can be played by air passing directly though an opening in the instrument, or by air passing through an opening between a reed and a mouthpiece (ex: saxophone, clarinet)
brass
Instruments traditionally made of brass or another metal (and thus often producing a “bright” or “brassy” tone) whose sound is generated by “buzzing” (vibrating the lips together) into a mouthpiece attached to a coiled tube. This “buzzing” sets the air within the tube vibrating. The pitches are normally amplified by a flared bell at the end of the tube. Brass examples: trumpet, bugle, cornet, trombone, (French) horn, tuba, and euphonium.
keyboards
Instruments that produce sound by pressing or striking keys on a keyboard. The keys set air moving by the hammering of a string (in the case of the piano) or by the opening and closing of a pipe through which air is pushed (as in the case of the vibraphone, organ, and accordion).
ex: harpsichord
