(Unit 0 Lesson 4) Linking Words

Question 1

When do we use:

in conclusion

Answer 1

We use it to summarise our argument. Usually at the beginning of the last paragraph.
e.g.
‘In conclusion, I think that wearing a uniform is a good idea.’
‘Finally, and in conclusion, I personally think that ‘Prohibition’ is never going to be a ‘good’ idea.’

Question 2

When do we use:

namely

Answer 2

We use it to introduce detailed information or a specific example.
e.g.
‘the menu makes good use of Scottish produce, namely game and seafood’
‘There are two problems, namely the travelling costs and the time.’

Question 3

When do we use:

as a result

Answer 3

We use it to show cause and effect.
e.g.
‘I only got a ‘D’ in English. As a result, I didn’t get into University.’

Question 4

When do we use:

furthermore

Answer 4

We use it to add another point to our argument.
e.g.
‘It was also a highly desirable political end. Furthermore, it gave the English a door into France’

Question 5

When do we use:

the former, … the latter …

Answer 5

We use it to show logical consequence in our writing and to avoid repetition.
e.g.
‘Football and cricket are great. The former is very physical, the latter is exciting.’

Question 6

When do we use:

firstly, … secondly, …

Answer 6

We use it to show structure in our argument. We also use it to number the points we are making.
e.g.
‘I have a few opinions on the subject. Firstly, I think it is important to take part in these activities. Secondly, I believe they develop our skills.’

Question 7

When do we use:

as well as

Answer 7

We use it instead of ‘and’
e.g.
‘I like apples as well as bananas.’
‘a shop that sold books as well as newspapers’

Question 8

When do we use:

because of

Answer 8

We use it to show cause and effect.
e.g.
‘I did this because of you.’
‘Because of my low grade in biology, I will never be a doctor.’

Question 9

When do we use:

however

Answer 9

We use it to show a contrasting or contradicting idea to the one just mentioned. Use it after a full stop.
e.g.
‘People tend to put on weight in middle age. However, gaining weight is not inevitable’
‘I hate football. However, I love Formula 1.’

Question 10

When do we use:

for instance

Answer 10

We use it when we want to introduce examples.
e.g.
‘I like many different sports, for instance football, basketball, and swimming.’
‘take Canada, for instance’