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Bio Honors > Unit 0 > Flashcards

Unit 0 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Intro to science + Evaluating sources*

A
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2
Q

Science (definition)

A

body of knowledge about nature

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3
Q

2 types of science

A

pure and applied

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4
Q

Pure science (definition)

A

science done for the pure joy of learning

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5
Q

Example of pure science

A

astronomy

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6
Q

Applied science (definition)

A

science done for betterment of mankind

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7
Q

Example of applied science

A

bioengineering

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8
Q

What is PARCS used for

A

to evaluate the credibility of a source

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9
Q

What does PARCS stand for

A

Purpose, Author, Relevance, Currency, Sources

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10
Q

Scientific method + History of science*

A
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11
Q

Primary research

A

written by researchers themselves and published in a scientific journal

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12
Q

Secondary sources

A

scientific information in books, magazine, websites, that have been derived from primary sources

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13
Q

Who devised / influenced the scientific method

A

devised: Bacon
influenced: Galileo

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14
Q

6 steps of scientific method

A
  1. ask a question
  2. do background research
  3. construct a hypothesis
  4. test hypothesis through experiment
  5. analyze data + draw conclusion
  6. report results (was hypothesis correct?)
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15
Q

What is a question based on (2)

A

observation or research

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16
Q

What makes a good question (2)

A

testable and close ended

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17
Q

Hypothesis

A

tentative conclusion based on researchW

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18
Q

What makes a good hypothesis

A

testable and falsifiable

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19
Q

Case study: stomach ulcers*

A
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20
Q

What did Warren and Marshall observe in every stomach ulcer sample

A

bacteria

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21
Q

Old hypothesis for what causes ulcers

A

acid

22
Q

New/alternate hypothesis for what causes ulcers

A

bacteria

23
Q

How did they test the new ulcer

A

antibiotics

24
Q

How many cells do bacteria have

A

one

25
Q

What bacteria was found to be cousing the stomach ulcer

A

H. pylori

26
Q

What theory came to be accepted after the experiment

A

bacteria causes stomach ulcers

27
Q

Theory (definition)

A

a conclusion that has not been disproved over several trials

28
Q

2 types of reasoning

A

inductive and deductive

29
Q

Inductive reasoning (definition)

A

reasoning based on prior experience

30
Q

Problem with inductive reasoning

A

experience may be true, but reasoning may not

31
Q

Deductive reasoning (definition)

A

reasoning based on assumption

32
Q

What must be true if the assumption is true in deductive

A

the reasoning

33
Q

Which is the purest form of reasoning

A

deductive reasoning

34
Q

Can a hypothesis ever be absolutely correct

A

can NEVER be completely proven absolutely correct

35
Q

When are theories considered to be true

A

when they have stood the test of time

36
Q

Theorem (definition)

A

theory proved by deductive reasoning

37
Q

Law (definition)

A

theory proved by mathematics

38
Q

Experimental design*

A
39
Q

3 types of variables

A
  1. Independent/manipulated variable
  2. Dependent/responding variable
  3. Controlled variable
40
Q

Control (definition)

A

exact same to the experimental subject except that it is not exposed to the experimental treatment

41
Q

Independent variable (definition)

A

things that change outcome

42
Q

Dependent variable (definition)

A

outcome

43
Q

Control (definition)

A

what is kept the same in the experiment

44
Q

Bias (definition)

A

personal opinion that influence an experiment

45
Q

2 ways bias can be removed

A
  1. blind study
  2. double blind study
46
Q

Blind study (definition)

A

individuals aren’t aware of which group they belong to

47
Q

Double blind study (definition)

A

both researcher and test subjects do not know which group individuals belong too and what the hypothesis is

48
Q

When are model systems used

A

when testing hypothesis raises ethical/practical problems

49
Q

Singular form of data

A

“datum”

50
Q

3 types of data

A
  1. quantitative
  2. qualitative
  3. semi quantitative
51
Q

What should be done in a conclusion

A

hypothesis should be restated

52
Q

3 ways data can relate to hypothesis testing

A
  1. support a hypothesis
  2. refute a hypothesis
  3. be inconclusive

Bio Honors (4 decks)

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