Unionism And Co-operation

Question 1

Trade unionism

Answer 1

Individual workers from the same trade or industry binding together as one force in the interest of protecting their rights and improving their work conditions

Question 2

Co-operative movement

Answer 2

Organisation whose primary aim is to promote the welfare of its members by working together in pursuit of mutual progress rather than for big individual profits

Question 3

When was the friendly societies act passed

Answer 3

1793

Question 4

When did Robert Owen take over at New Lanark

Answer 4

1799

Question 5

When was the cooperator newspaper published

Answer 5

1827

Question 6

When were the Rochdale pioneers established

Answer 6

1844

Question 7

When was the Amalgamated society of engineers founded

Answer 7

1851

Question 8

When was the Friendly societies act passed

Answer 8

1855

Question 9

When was the co operative wholesale society set up

Answer 9

1863

Question 10

When was the trade union act passed

Answer 10

1871

Question 11

What does “closed shop” mean

Answer 11

The practise of employing only individuals who were members of the trade union or who were in good standing with the union

Question 12

What was the population increase between 1750 and 1850

Answer 12

6-17 million

Question 13

Artisan definition

Answer 13

A skilled worker who uses traditional craft techniques in their craft rather than machines

Question 14

What does journeyman mean

Answer 14

A person who has completed his apprenticeship but not yet become a master of his trade

Question 15

Up until what year was it illegal to be part of a trade union

Answer 15

1824

Question 16

After what year did molestation (pressuring fellow workers to join strikes) become a crime

Answer 16

1825

Question 17

When and what was the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union

Answer 17

1834 and it was a federation of unions

Question 18

What 2 years were there major strikes by the cotton spinners of Lancashire

Answer 18

1810,1818

Question 19

When was the combination acts repealed

Answer 19

1824

Question 20

Why did the Grand National fail

Answer 20

Of the claimed 1 million members only 16000 paid the fee and this wasn’t enough to maintain the organisation or fund strikes.

Question 21

What happened in 1834 in Derby

Answer 21

1500 mill workers were locked out of their place of work for failing to abandon their union and while they did manage 4 months they eventually went back and renounced the union because it wasn’t able to financially support them.

Question 22

When and what was the master and servant act

Answer 22

1823- made the act of breaking a contract an offence punishable with imprisonment

Question 23

Due to the master and servant act how many prosecutions were there

Answer 23

Between 1857 and 1875 there were on average 10,000 prosecutions each year in England and Wales

Question 24

What happened in Tolpuddle

Answer 24

6 farm workers were exiled to Australia for a 7 year sentence because they had formed a union in protest to their wages going down to 6 shillings a week

Question 25

New model unionism

Answer 25

This was the development of larger unions by skilled workers who used more conservative methods such as negotiations rather than militancy to achieve their aims. The belief was that by acting respectfully and moderately they would be able to better influence their employers.

Question 26

What does ASE stand for and when was it established

Answer 26

Amalgamated society of engineers 1851

Question 27

How much did the ASE contribute to the builders strike fund of 1859-60

Answer 27

3 separate donations of £1000

Question 28

At its inception how many members did the ASE have

Answer 28

12000 members

Question 29

What does “piecework” mean

Answer 29

The practice of paying workers according to what they produce rather than a set salary

Question 30

What year was the London Trade council formed, what was it and how many members did it have by 1866

Answer 30

1860, sought to represent the working people of London in the absence of any other such body and by 1866 had more than 100,000 affiliates

Question 31

Trades council

Answer 31

This was a grouping of local trade unions from a given geographical area that met together to promote the interests of their industry within that area

Question 32

What year was the first Sheffield conference and how many people attended

Answer 32

1866, 138 delegates

Question 33

What happened at the Manchester and Salford Trades council

Answer 33

Took place in June 1868, attended by 34 delegates representing more than 118,000 members of unions.

Question 34

What does picket mean

Answer 34

Workers who stand outside the workplace during strikes to persuade others to join their cause

Question 35

What is mutualism

Answer 35

The idea that well being is dependant upon people offering mutual support rather than seeking to gain advantage by competing against each other

Question 36

Who was Robert Owen

Answer 36

He was a utopian socialist and in his new Lanark factory he educated the children through the first infant school in 1816, treated employees equally and with good working conditions

Question 37

What was different about the working hours in New Lanark

Answer 37

No more than 12 hours, including a 1.5 hour meal break and the minimum age that children could work was 10.

Question 38

What did Henry Hetherington form in 1821

Answer 38

A co operative and economical society

Question 39

Who created the newspaper the co operator after 1827

Answer 39

William King

Question 40

What were Labour Exchange Bazaars

Answer 40

Operated on a currency based on labour hours rather than monetary value. People exchanged goods they had made with credit notes to the value of how many hours it took them to make. They could then use their credit to buy goods with an equivalent value

Question 41

What were the 2 main exchanges that were set up

Answer 41

1. London in September 1832 called the National Equitable Labour Exchange
2. Birmingham 1833

Question 42

When were the Rochdale pioneers

Answer 42

1844

Question 43

By 1863 how many co operative shops were there

Answer 43

332

Question 44

When was the Co-operative wholesale society set up

Answer 44

1863

Question 45

What was a friendly society

Answer 45

An organisation of men that came together to provide assistance and benefits for each other. They provided services like insurance, saving schemes, pensions and later loans

Question 46

What percentage of the population were in a friendly society by 1803

Answer 46

8%