Unification Flashcards
1
Q
Intro
A
- reword question
- 300 -> 39 states
- Zollverein
- Prussia v Austria
- music/writing = ideas of unity
- factors
- LOA
2
Q
Decline of Austria
A
- introduce factor
- 1853 Crimean War, 1859 Italian War = many conflicts
- financial difficulties
- not dominant in German politics
+ decline allowed Prussia to challenge Austria
+ Austria = isolated - no allies -> Prussia won
_ deployed more soldiers than Prussia
_ support - Southern states
_ Sadowa 1866 - effective artillery
E. Austria = agrarian state
3
Q
Role of Bismarck
A
- introduce factor
- Junker
- loyal to Prussia
- war w/ Denmark, Austria, France
+ Bismarck’s diplomatic skill = significant
+ beginning war w/ France
+ managing united force
_ was Bismarck purely reactionary
_ limits argument that he orchestrated German unification
E. 1862 - Chief Minister
4
Q
Role of Other Countries
A
- introduce factor
- Britain = happy to keep France in check
- Prussia won 3 wars w/out aid
- Prussia = Protestant
- Polish revolt 1863-4 = Bismarck offered support
- Bismarck wanted to isolate Austria
+ Britain stayed out of European politics
+ Russia angry w/ Austria
_ both countries = accepting but not active support
_ no military/financial aid
_ not hugely important
E. Prussian Liberals = less critical of Russia
5
Q
Prussian Economic Strength
A
- introduce factor
- more coal than France/Austria - raw materials
- military resources
- Austrian economy = stagnant
+ Prussia = economic dominance
+ challenged Austria’s traditional dominance
+ allowed a push for unity
_ Zollverein = economic unity
_ Southern states looked to Austria - sided w/ Austria in war
_ worried about Prussian economic dominance
E. child labour = banned in Prussian factories
6
Q
Prussian Military Strength
A
- introduce factor
- modernisation post-Napoleonic wars - end of feudalism - weapons improved
- General Von Roon/Von Moltke
- Battle @ Sadowa
+ victory - modern advancements
+ defeated Denmark/Austria/France
+ led to unification
_ not invincible
_ Moltke took risks
_ Austrian failure or Prussian victory ?
E. use of breech loading guns during war
7
Q
Mnemonic
A
Bismarck’s Economic Decline Made Other Militaries
Bismarck
Economic
Decline
Other
Military
